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Introduction: Hirayama disease is a form of cervical myelopathy common in male adolescents that affects distal upper extremities & anterior horn cells of spinal cord. It is a symmetrical lower motor weakness that is self-contained in hands & forearms. Materials and Methods: Observational type of case study using MRI. 16 years male presented with inability to move his right index finger & decreased sensations for 3 months Results: T2 sagittal images showed mild atrophy with flattening of cervical cord & displacement of posterior dura with compression on cord on dynamic flexion. Cord diameter was reduced suggestive of compression. Conclusion:Based on the patient's clinical, electrophysiological, & radiological characteristics, "Hirayama disease" was diagnosed. In addition to physiotherapy, a cervical collar was used to treat him in order to avoid neck flexion & thus surgery was avoided.

Introduction: Paget's disease is an uncommon metabolic skeletal disorder characterized by increased osteoclast-mediated bone resorption & compensatory excessive osteoblastic activation. It is often an incidental finding & can also rarely co-exist with other disorders like ankylosing spondylitis. Materials & Methods: Observational type of case study using computed tomography (CT) and X-Ray. 80 years old male came with complaints of giddiness & fall & decreased speech output. CT scans showed intraventricular hemorrhage & patient was treated for the same. However, CT scans revealed features suggesting Paget's disease with co-existing ankylosing spondylitis & a bone survey for whole body was done. Increased S. Alkaline Phosphatase (187 U/L) & low Calcium (7.5 mg/dl) was noted. Results: CT Brain showed mixed lytic sclerotic changes with widened diploic space & coarse trabeculae involving calvarium fully giving a cotton wool appearance. Spine imaging revealed, picture framing of some vertebrae, anterior & lateral syndesmophytic fusion giving a bamboo spine appearance & diffuse osteopenia with multiple sclerotic areas. X-Ray pelvis showed of Kohler tear drop & sclerosis with near complete fusion of bilateral sacroiliac joints. Conclusion: Paget disease of bone shows an abundance of patterns on imaging that are related to pathologic stage of disease. Recognition of imaging spectrum usually allows early diagnosis & differentiation of its complications, which helps guide therapy & improve patient management.

Total 100 patients of diagnosed age related cataracts were enrolled in the present study. Diagnostic B-Scan Ultrasonography was performed in these patients preoperatively. Detailed history was taken and examination with Slit Lamp and Tonometry were done. A. Scan Biometry was performed in all the cases. Informed consent was taken. B-Scan ultrasonography using a standard USG machine (Sonomed B5500) equipped with a real-time high-frequency probe with the contact method was done. B-scan is a good diagnostic modality for preoperative evaluation of posterior segment pathologies in the presence of cataract. B-Scan ultrasonography should be performed routinely in pre-operative assessment of cataract patients to diagnose pathologies of posterior segment that may influence the surgical strategy and visual prognosis of patients after cataract surgery. Diagnosing and characterizing the abnormalities with great accuracy by B-scan not only helps in preoperative cases but also changes the management of various other patients.

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