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deep purple (the color of Fp2). We could not detect any other organic products.Preparation of Enolate Complexes 6c,d and 8c,d. 1,3-Dioxolanes (acetals) of -halo ketones were prepared by the published method.32 NaFp or Na/KFp* (10 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added to a THF solution (20 mL) of appropriate 1,3dioxolane (12 mmol) at -78 °C. After the mixture was stirred for 3 h at room temperature, the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The product was extracted with ether (100 mL) and filtered through silica gel. The acetal linkage was hydrolyzed by stirring with 1/10 N HCl(aq), and then the organic layer was dried over MgS04. 6 and 8 were isolated by column chromatography followed by recrystallization from Et^O. 6c: 50% yield. 6d: 48% yield; yellow prisms; mp 90 °C. Anal. Caled for

An isolate "CD lignan mixture" comprising lignans from stem wood of Cedrus deodara consisted of (-)-wikstromal (75 - 79%), (-)-matairesinol (9 - 13%) and benzylbutyrolactol (7 - 11%) and was studied for its in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines. The in vivo anticancer activity of CD lignan mixture was studied using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and colon carcinoma (CA-51) models in mice. Its effect was also studied on annexin V binding, intracellular caspases and DNA fragmentation to gain insight into the mode of action. In vitro cytotoxicity studies showed significant dose-dependent effects against several cancer cell lines from different tissues such as breast, cervix, neuroblastoma, colon, liver, and prostate at 10, 30 and 100 microg/mL. The IC (50) values varied from 16.4 ng/mL to 116.03 microg/mL depending on the cell line. Comparative data of IC (50) values of CD lignan mixture showed a synergistic effect in comparison to the individual molecules, i. e., (-)-matairesinol, (-)-wikstromol present in CD lignan mixture . CD lignan mixture had the most pronounced effect on CNS cell lines followed by colon. The tumor regression observed with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and CA-51 was 53% and approximately 54%, respectively, when CD lignan mixture was given at 300 mg/kg, I. P. for nine days in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model and 400 mg/kg, I. P. for the same period in the CA-51 model. It was comparable with 5-fluorouracil at 22 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively. CD lignan mixture at 10, 30 and 100 microg/mL increased the percentage of annexin V positive HL-60 cells to 1.9 - 17.18% as compared to control (1.04%). In K562 cells CD lignan mixture at 10, 30 or 100 microg/mL and staurosporine (1 microM) showed 9.13%, 11.38%, 17.22% and 28.07% intracellular caspases activation, respectively. A distinct DNA laddering pattern was observed for treatment with the CD lignan mixture in HL-60, K562 (30 microg/mL and 100 microg/mL) and MOLT-4 cells (30 microg/mL) after 24 h incubation. DNA cell cycle analysis indicated that CD lignan mixture at 10, 30 and 100 microg/mL increased the content of hypodiploid (sub G(1) phase) cells when compared to control (2.55, 5.4 and 6.25% vs. 0.27%). The present study indicates that CD lignan mixture has cytotoxic potential against human cancer cell lines. It has the ability to induce tumor regression in vivo. It induces apoptosis as indicated by annexin V positive cells, induction of intracellular caspases, DNA fragmentation and DNA cell cycle analysis.