BackgroundThe definition of electrical storm is still debated. For example, an electrical storm is defined as a clustering of three or more separate episodes of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation within 24 hours or one or more episodes occurring within 5 minutes of termination of the previous episode of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation. When it is refractory to medications, prompt assessments by coronary angiography, sedation, and overdrive pacing should be performed. An electrical storm may occur anytime, including at night or after the patient leaves an intensive care unit.Case presentationA 70-year-old Japanese man with type 2 diabetes mellitus was diagnosed as having ST-elevation myocardial infarction. His clinical course after an urgent percutaneous coronary intervention was uneventful, but he developed electrical storm that was refractory to antiarrhythmic medications on day 11 of hospitalization. We used sedative medications and performed ventricular overdrive pacing and transferred him to a university hospital for further treatment, which included electrical ablation and cardioverter-defibrillator implantation.ConclusionAn electrical storm is a relatively rare and fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction. It is important that the treatment choices for this condition are known by non-cardiologist physicians who might encounter this rare condition.

We describe the case of a 37-year-old woman with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who lived with a mother with end-stage breast cancer and a visually impaired father. She was the main caregiver for her mother, who was receiving home-based palliative care. The caregiver needed training on communication and task management so that she could manage the communication with home care staff and perform more house chores. It was also necessary to share information with home care staff about ASD and how to treat her with understanding and respect. Although most support for people with ASD focuses on schools and workplaces, to offer successful end-of-life care at home, medical and home staff need to understand and communicate well with people with ASD and provide multiple types of support. Research, guidebooks, and visuals about main caregivers who have ASD and improving the inclusivity among staff members are necessary for providing successful home care and meeting caregivers' and patients' needs and expectations.