ABSTRACT:The rapid technological evolution, which is characterizing all the disciplines involved within the wide concept of smart cities, becomes a key factor to trigger true user-driven innovation. In this context 3D city models will play an increasingly important role in our daily lives and become an essential part of the modern city information infrastructure (Spatial Data Infrastructure). The goal of this paper is to introduce the i-SCOPE (interoperable Smart City services through an Open Platform for urban Ecosystems) project methodology and implementations together with key technologies and open standards. Based on interoperable 3D CityGML UIMs, the aim of i-Scope is to deliver an open platform on top of which it possible to develop, within different domains, various 'smart city' services. Moreover, in i-SCOPE different issues, transcending the mere technological domain, are being tackled, including aspects dealing with social and environmental issues. Indeed several tasks including citizen awareness, crowd source and voluntary based data collection as well as privacy issue concerning involved people should be considered. * Corresponding author. This is useful to know for communication with the appropriate person in cases with more than one author.

The telecommunications environment is evolving into Next Generation Networks (NGN). On an NGN, telecommunications services are recreated on IP networks, this creates a demand on standardization bodies to adapt and meet the needs of these emerging networks. Securing the service environment for eBusiness and the underlying network are crucial areas cited in the eEurope action plan [1]. Standardization provides an important means for securing the NGN and establishing trust in its services and infrastructure in order to enable the development of modern public services. In response to this, we have developed a threat, vulnerability and risk assessment (eTVRA) method and tool for use in standardisation. Using the eTVRA method and tool, the threats to NGNs can be analyzed and a set of recommended countermeasures identified that when implemented will reduce the overall risk to users of NGNs. In this paper we present the eTVRA method and tool along with the results of its application to the use of Enhanced Number (ENUM) [2] and SIP [17] in the NGN.

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