-(Assessment of silver-stained AFLP markers for studying DNA polymorphism in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)). Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is a serious weed in North America. A high number of wild proso millet biotypes are known but the genetic basis of its phenotypic variation is poorly understood. In the present study, a non-radioactive silver staining method for PCR-Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) was evaluated for studying genetic polymorphism in American proso millet biotypes. Twelve biotypes and eight primer combinations with two/three and three/three selective nucleotides were used. Pair of primers with two/three selective nucleotides produced the highest number of amplified DNA fragments, while pair of primers with three/three selective nucleotides were more effective for revealing more polymorphic DNA fragments. The two better primer combinations were EcoR-AAC/Mse-CTT and EcoR-ACT/Mse-CAA with seven and eleven polymorphic DNA fragments, respectively. In a total of 450 amplified fragments, at least 339 appeared well separated in a silver stained acrylamide gel and 39 polymorphic DNA bands were scored. The level of polymorphic DNA (11.5%) using only eight pairs of primers were effective for grouping proso millet biotypes in two clusters but insufficient for separating hybrid biotypes from wild and crop. Nevertheless, the present result indicates that silver stained AFLP markers could be a cheap and important tool for studying genetic relationships in proso millet.Key words -AFLP, genetic diversity, molecular markers, proso-millet RESUMO -(Avaliação de marcadores AFLP corados com prata para estudar polimorfísmo de DNA em proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)). Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) constitui uma séria praga agrícola na America do Norte. Grande número de biótipos de proso millet selvagens são conhecidos mas a base genética da variabilidade fenotípica é pouco conhecida. No presente estudo foi avaliado o método não radioativo, de coloração com prata, para visualizar fragmentos polimóficos de DNA amplificados por PCR (AFLP) visando estudo de polimorfísmo genético em biótipos de proso millet americano. Foram usados doze biótipos e oito combinações de primers com dois/três e três/três nucleotídeos seletivos. Pares de "primers" com dois/três nucleotídeos seletivos produziram maior número de fragmentos de DNA, enquanto que pares de "primers" com três/três nucleotídeos seletivos foram mais efetivos para revelar maior número de fragmentos polimórficos de DNA. As duas melhores combinações de "primers" foram EcoR-AAC/Mse-CTT e EcoR-ACT/Mse-CAA, que produziram, sete e onze fragmentos polimórficos de DNA, respectivamente. Em um total de 450 fragmentos de DNA amplificados, pelo menos 339 apareceram bem resolvidos em gel de poliacrílamida corado com prata e 39 bandas polimórficas de DNA foram escrutinadas. O nível de polimorfísmo de DNA (11,5%) usando apenas oito combinações de "primers" foi efetivo para agrupar biótipos de proso millet em dois clusters, mas insuficiente para...
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