The foreign trade in agricultural and food products is a significant reflection of an economic situation occurring in the current functioning of agriculture, food industry and its individual trades in a given country. It is worth considering how the export of Polish agricultural and food products may be compared with the Vise grad Group countries in this area. The article deals with an attempt to assess the export potential of agricultural and food products in the Visegrad Group countries in the years 2005-2017 using a modified index for an assessment of a level of competitiveness in a foreign trade, that is the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index-RCA-by Balassa. The results of the study prove that the export of agricultural and food products in the Visegrad Group countries is vulnerable to economic trends, there is a significant degree of competitiveness regarding export of the food products of animal origin in these countries, and the greatest level of competitiveness of the foreign trade in the food products of plant origin regarding cereals, and the trade in fruit and vegetables is less and less important.
Modern farms are seen as a source of social and economic benefits in the development of the local economy. When discussing the problem of fur breeding it should be emphasized that fur fur has both usefulness and commercial value. In the past their main advantage was protection from cold and unfavorable weather conditions. Over time, they became a currency, emphasized the signs of power, and pointed to a social position and a sign of elegance. The consequence of the exchange of markets for the economy is also interesting. It can be predicted that as a result of the presumed ban on agriculture in Poland, the difference will be fulfilled by countries such as Denmark, Germany, Russia and China. Ten years after Poland's accession to the European Union, enthusiasts are faced with serious difficulties if they continue to invest in fur production, as initial drafts of animal protection legislation are expected to phase out in the coming years.
Ceny ziemi rolnej do momentu przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej były przedmiotem zainteresowania nie tylko potencjalnych inwestorów w sektorze rolno-spożywczym, ale także spekulantów, co spowodowało konieczność ich monitorowania również przez ekonomistów zajmujących się nauką o agroekonomii. Celem artykułu była próba oceny zachodzących zmian w cenach ziemi rolnej w Polsce na tle Unii Europejskiej oraz określenie zmiennych mogących mieć silny wpływ na kształtujący się średni poziom cen gruntów rolnych w krajach należących do Wspólnoty. Na podstawie badań dowiedziono, że występuje zróżnicowanie regionalne pod względem zmienności oraz wysokości cen gruntów rolnych w Unii Europejskiej. Wykazano również, że istnieje istotna zależność pomiędzy poziomem cen gruntów rolnych a wartością dopłat bezpośrednich oraz wartością produktu krajowego brutto per capita.
Prices are considered to be an only, directly observable market parameter, deciding on a degree of implementation of functions of market entities. The variability is inherent to prices, in accordance to an attribute of functioning on competitive market. Examination of factors affecting the prices is particularly significant on account of occurrence of many potential variables which may impact their levels and still increasing market ties among particular economies. Potato is one of the basic agricultural raw materials in the world. Potato is of high economic value, mainly through the universal usability both by manufacturers as well as consumers. The purpose of the article was to determine of variables characterizing strong dependency on evolving level of potato prices in the EU countries. Attempts of building a model aimed at depicting potato prices evolution in the European Union countries under an influence of particular variables was performed using panel data models. Conducted analyses allowed to indicate the occurrence of regional variation of potato prices in particular European Union countries. It was also shown that essential impact on a potato prices level is potato production volume, value of gross domestic product and potato import volumes.
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