Tendon is a highly hierarchical and oriented tissue that provides high mechanical strength. Tendon injuries lead to loss of function, disability, and a decrease in quality of life. The limited healing capacity of tendon tissue leads to scar tissue formation, which can affect mechanical strength and cause a re-tear. Tissue engineering can be the solution to achieving complete and proper healing of tendon. The developed constructs should be mechanically strong while maintaining a suitable environment for cell proliferation. In this study, a dual-phase fibrous scaffold was produced by combining fibrous mats produced by rotary jet spinning (RJS) and wet electrospinning (WES), with the intent of improving the healing capacity of the construct. Dual-phase scaffolds were formed from aligned poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers (Shell) produced by RJS and randomly oriented PCL or PCL/gelatin fibers (Core) produced by WES systems. The scaffolds mimicked i) the repair phase of tendon healing, in which randomly-oriented collagen type III is deposited by randomly-oriented WES fibers and ii) the remodeling stage, in which aligned collagen type I fibers are deposited by aligned RJS fibers. In vitro studies showed that the presence of randomly-oriented core fibers inside the aligned PCL fiber shell of the dual-phase scaffold increased the initial attachment and viability of cells. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy analysis showed that the presence of aligned RJS fibers supported the elongation of cells through aligned fibers which improves tendon tissue healing by guiding oriented cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. Tenogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on scaffolds was studied when supplemented with growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5). GDF-5 treatment improved the viability, collagen type III deposition and scaffold penetration of human adipose derived stem cells. The developed FSPCL/ESPCL-Gel 3:1 scaffold (FS = centrifugal force spinning/RJS, ES = wet electrospinning, Gel = gelatin) sustained high mechanical strength, and improved cell viability and orientation while supporting tenogenic differentiation.

Intraneural Hemangioma of the digital nerve is rare and so far three cases have been reported in the literature. We present a case of 12-year-old boy with painless soft tissue mass in the right hand and numbness on the radial aspect of the index finger. Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed an isointense subcutaneous lesion without discrete borders in the first web space classically of hemangioma with the radial digital nerve extension. On exploration, the intraneural extension of the hemangioma was confirmed and total resection, microsurgical primary digital nerve repair was done. The patient became better and at 6 months follow up the index finger sensation improved. The patient had no reccurence and he is still under follow up.

AIm:The scalp and forehead are the anatomical regions where non-melanoma malignant skin tumors are commonly seen due to direct sun exposure. After surgery for non-melanoma malignant skin tumors located in the scalp and forehead, many complex defects can develop, ranging from sole skin defects to deep defects in which bone and dura mater are opened. results: In order to accomplish satisfactory results these patients have to be carefully assessed with specific parameters while performing the reconstruction of the defect and reconstruction should be planned. Patients with local invasion may need adjuvant radiotherapy postoperatively and reconstruction with free flaps is reliable in the prevention of the possible comorbid problems due to radiotherapy.COnClusIOn: Multidisciplinary approach is needed and the treatment should be managed with neurosurgical team, radiation oncologists and medical oncologists.

In this article, we report a 66-year-old male case of rhinophyma who had a persistent lesion on his nose for two-years. Despite steroid therapy, the lesion continued to grow. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings were consistent with cutaneous angiosarcoma. Rhinophyma-like features should be considered as an unusual clinical manifestation of cutaneous angiosarcoma.

Bu araştırmanın genel amacı, farklı yaş grubundan bireylerin Türkiye'deki Suriyeli mültecilerin durumu hakkındaki görüşlerini saptamaktır. Araştırma betimsel tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma grubu Adıyaman ve Ankara illerinden rastgele seçilen 374 kişiden oluşturulmuştur. Veri toplamada, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmış ve verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, katılımcıların Suriyeli mültecilerle aynı dili konuşamadığı için iletişim kurmakta zorlandıkları belirlenmiştir. Suriyeli mültecilere maddi ve manevi destek verilmekle beraber yaşanan problemlerin acilen çözülmesi ya da mültecilerin en kısa sürede kendi ülkelerine dönmelerini istedikleri görülmüştür. Suriyeli mültecilerle ilgili olarak işsizlik, istihdam, kültür çatışması ve dil problemleri sorun olarak görülmektedir. Yaşanan problemlerin çözümü için ilk önerilen mültecilerin kendi ülkelerine dönmeleridir. Bu mümkün olmadığında ise Suriyelilere yönelik özelleştirilmiş eğitim programlarının düzenlenmesi ve ülke vatandaşlarına bilinçlendirme çalışmalarının yapılması önerilmiştir.