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Biosensor is a device which combines a physical transducer and biological active elements. The biological active element recognizes the specific analyte and produces biorecognized signal, which is further converted into a measurable signal by using an appropriate physical transducer. This review paper attempts in providing a comprehensive survey of the topic biosensor and due to its selectivity and sensitivity, biosensors are mostly widely used than other diagnostic devices. Because of its important features like selectivity, sensitivity, stability, reproducibility, linearity, and low cost, biosensors have a wide range of applications. This range includes their usage in disease detection, environmental monitoring, drug discovery, prosthetic devices, food safety, agricultural industry, and many more. Furthermore, this review discusses the various biosensors and its operations. Afterwards, with a summarized history of biosensors, further prospects have been described to present the usage of nanomaterials in biosensors. Various simulation software used to design the biosensor model are discussed in the end of the review.

A Photovoltaic array monitoring system with wireless sensors are integrated to the PV modules and transfer the status statistics to monitoring field. These sensors are employed for fault detection and observe misbehavior of the cells. In this work we are focusing on voltage, current, irradiance and temperature of individual photovoltaic array and its parameters are studied along with transfer of data's to the controlling unit. The lab view and aurdino boards are used for the development of storing and displaying along with controlling data received from wireless sensor. These received information are used to study the array conditions including fault finding, shades on the panel, loading.

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