Etidronic acid markedly reduced aortic calcification in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing chronic haemodialysis. The effect of this agent on aortic calcification may attenuate the increase in aortic stiffness and result in improved long-term outcomes in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis.

Given study limitations, the right thoracotomy approach after previous sternotomy provided favorable outcomes as well as re-sternotomy. When selecting a right thoracotomy for re-do mitral and/or tricuspid surgery, the surgical strategy needs to be thoroughly planned.

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Initial experience with the restoration technique has provided excellent results without significant systolic anterior motion. Our technique may contribute to improve late results in Barlow's valve.