The present study was carried out to determine the levels and changes of vitamins A, C, and E, fluoride, and calcium in 30 Morkaraman sheep with fluorosis, comparing them to unexposed healthy controls. The sheep exposed to fluoride showed significant differences in urinary fluoride and the blood levels of beta-carotene and vitamins A and C (p < 0.001) as proof of the impact that fluorosis have in the overall health of the animals.

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The serum levels of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, nickel, cadmium, cobalt, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were determined in seven different breeds of dogs: Pointer, Poodle, Setter, Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever, German Shepherd, and Mallinois. Only slight variations were found among the different breeds, and the results presented in this study can be used for laboratory studies in veterinary science.

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