The study comprised of 12 bulls, aged between 18-36 months, determined severe symptoms of Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and 10 clinically healthy bulls of similar age. Serum and saliva total sialic acid (SA), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured. In this study were determined acute fever, anorexia, vesicular lesions in the mouth and feet of infected animals with consequent excessive salivation, lameness and reduced productivity as clinical signs. Mean serum SA, MDA, GSH and NO levels were 503.96±21.43 mg/L, 31.82±3.43 µmol/L, 63.43±2.92 mg/dL, and 6.49±0.36 nmol/L in healthy bulls and 862.01±17.35 mg/L, 82.49±9.90 µmol/L, 24.96±2.32 mg/dL, and 13.89±0.53 nmol/L in FMD cases, respectively. Mean saliva SA, MDA, GSH and NO levels were 75.98±10.25 mg/L, 1.06±0.17 µmol/L, 0.67±0.05 mg/dL, and 1.44±0.14 nmol/L in healthy bulls and 156.49±14.07 mg/L, 1.81±0.15 µmol/L, 0.34±0.03 mg/dL, and 2.44±0.16 nmol/L in FMD cases, respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.001 and P<0.01). Mean serum and saliva GSH level was lower in FMD while all other parameters were considerable high. As a result, showing signs of foot and mouth disease in bulls, serum and saliva in sialic acid and oxidative stress parameters are affected very significantly.Keywords: Bull, Malondialdehyde, Foot-and-mouth

The aim of the study was to determine the oxidative stress parameters as well as ceruloplasmin levels in sheep with toxoplasmosis. In order to investigate biochemical parameters, a total of 30 sheep were used in the study. According to ELISA test results, 20 sheep were infected with toxoplasmosis, while 10 healthy sheep sera had antibodies negative. Biochemical analysis included total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), nitric oxide (NO) and ceruloplasmin levels. TAC value was found to be statistically significantly lower, and TOC and OSI values were found to be higher in sheep with toxoplasmosis compared to those of the control group. NO and ceruloplasmin values were nonsignificantly. As a result, it was concluded from the data in the study that toxoplasmosis caused changes in oxidant and antioxidant capacity in sheep.

The aim of the present study was to determine oxidative stress and acute phase response in naturally infected sheep with poxvirus. For this purpose, 20 poxvirus infected and 10 clinically healthy sheep were used in the study. In these animals, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, urea, creatinine, albumin, iron (Fe), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations were determined. The present study determined that the concentrations of haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, urea, creatinine, MDA and ALP, AST activity were significantly increased, and albumin, Fe and GSH concentrations were significantly decreased in the sheeppox virus infected group compared to the control group. Results of this study indicated that oxidative stress and acute phase response develop in sheep infected with poxvirus. Keywords: Acute phase proteins, Biochemical parameters, Sheeppox Poksvirüs İle Doğal Enfekte Koyunlarda, Bazı Akut Faz Proteinler, Biyokimyasal Parametreler ve Oksidatif Stresin Belirlenmesi ÖzÇalışma poksvirüs ile doğal enfekte koyunlarda, oksidatif stres ve akut faz cevabı belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada 20 adet çiçek hastalığı ile enfekte ve 10 adet klinik olarak sağlıklı koyun kullanıldı. Hayvanlarda alkalen fosfataz (ALP), aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) aktivitesi, haptoglobin, seruloplazmin, üre, kreatinin, albümin, demir (Fe), malondialdehit (MDA) ve redükte glutatyon (GSH) konsantrasyonları belirlendi. Çalışmada, poksvirus ile enfekte koyunlar ile kontrol grubundaki hayvanlar karşılaştırıldığında haptoglobin, seruloplazmin, üre, kreatinin, MDA değerleri ile ALP ve AST aktivitelerinin yükseldiği, albümin, Fe ve GSH konsantrasyonunun ise kontrol grubuna göre düştüğü belirlendi. Bu çalışmada poksvirus ile enfekte koyunlarda akut faz yanıtın oluştuğu ve oksidatif stresin geliştiği kanısına varıldı.

Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease of Bovidae and the causative agent is Mycobacterium bovis. It is responsible for remarkable economic losses among cattle herds with widely dispersion. Prompt and consistent diagnosis of tuberculosis especially in countries where the disease is endemic as in Turkey is of great importance to detect and identify infectious cases for strengthening control measures. In the present study, it was aimed to detect true animal and herd prevalence (within-herd, and between-herd) of antibodies against M. bovis in cattle herds. A serologic survey for antibody detection against the M. bovis was conducted by using an ELISA kit. Thirty three cattle herds were randomly selected from different farms and totally 460 cattle over five years of age were sampled. The true animal, within-herd, and between-herd prevalences found were 5.9% (95% CI = 3.0 to 8.8), 11.1% (95 CI = 6.5 to 15.8) and 73.4% (95 CI = 51.2 to 95.6), respectively. Results will provide useful information about the status of M. bovis infection and will contribute to the disease control practices.

SummaryIn the present study, clinical effectiveness of ivermectin on bovine dermatophytosis was evaluated. The material of the study consisted of 30 cattle, 20 experimental (Group I) and 10 control (Group II) animals aged between 3-14 months, diagnosed as dermatophytosis following clinical examination and microbiology. Clinical status of cases were scored on localization, size and number of lesions and condition of the cases were as follows mild (+), moderate (++) and severe (+++). During the study period, farm management practices of the animals were not changed. A single long acting injection of ivermectin at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg was subcutaneously administered to the animals in Group I. Animals in Group II served as a control and received no treatment. Following medical treatment and 45 days of observation period, recovery was recorded 18 animals from Group I (90%). No recovery was observed in the Group II. This study indicated that, ivermectin which is widely used as antiparasiter medicine, activate the immune system. For this reason, in the present study, first time, ivermectin was used in the treatment of dermatophytosis in ruminants with a 90% of recovery rate. These findings show that ivermectin can be used succesfully in the treatment of dermatophytosis infection in cattle. Keywords: Cattle, Dermatophytosis, Ivermectin Dermatofitozisli Sığırlarda İvermektinin Klinik Etkinliği ÖzetBu çalışma, dermatofitozisli sığırlarda ivermektinin klinik etkinliğini araştırma amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmanın materyalini, klinik ve mikrobiyolojik olarak dermatofitozis tanısı konulan, 3-14 aylık, 20 deneme (Grup I), 10 kontrol (Grup II) olmak üzere toplam 30 genç sığır oluşturdu. Hayvanların klinik durumları; lezyonların lokalizasyonu, büyüklüğü, sayıları ve kondisyonlarına göre, hafif (+), orta (++) ve şiddetli (+++) olarak skorlandırıldı. Çalışma süresince deneme ve kontrol grubundaki hayvanların bakım, besleme ve barınak koşullarında herhangi bir değişiklik yapılmadı. Grup I'deki hayvanlara 0.2 mg/kg dozunda deri altı yolla bir kez uzun etkili ivermektin uygulandı. Grup II'deki hayvanlara ise herhangi bir tedavi uygulanmayarak kontrol olarak tutuldu. Tedaviyi takiben hayvanlar 45 gün gözlemlendi. Grup II'deki hayvanlarda herhangi bir iyileşme görülmezken, grup I'deki 18 hayvanın (%90) iyileştiği gözlemlendi. Bu çalışma ile yaygın olarak antiparaziter amaçla kullanılan ve aynı zamanda immun sistemi aktive ettiği bilinen ivermektin ilk kez ruminantlarda dermatofitozisin tedavisinde kullanılmış ve tedavide %90 oranında başarı elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlarla ivermektinin sığır dermatofitozisinin tedavisinde klinik olarak oldukça etkili olduğu kanısına varıldı.