In this study, we examined the effects of perceived discrimination and growth mindset in a sample of adolescents and parents who migrated from the countryside of China to the urban city of Beijing. A total of 179 Chinese migrant children (age M = 11.48, SD = 1.12) and their parents (age M = 38.86, SD = 6.61) completed measures of growth mindset, perceived discrimination, and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Results from the structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that perceived discrimination was associated with higher levels of child internalizing and externalizing problems. Growth mindset was not associated with lower levels of behavior problems. However, growth mindset of migrant children significantly buffered the negative effects of perceived discrimination on children internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Specifically, for children who endorsed higher levels of growth mindset, perceived discrimination was no longer associated with internalizing or externalizing behaviors. These findings highlight that growth mindset could be a protective factor for migrant children experiencing perceived discrimination. Implications for teachers, parents, clinicians, and immigrant children are discussed. What is the public significance of this article?This study found that having a growth mindset can buffer the negative effects of perceived discrimination on children internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. The findings highlight that growth mindset could be a protective factor for children experiencing perceived discrimination.