Citation: Frolov I. E., Ivanov V.V., Filchuk K.V., Makshtas A.P., Kustov V.Yu., Mahotina I.A., Ivanov B.V., Urazgildeeva A.V., Syoemin V.L., Zimina O.L., Krylov A.A., Bogin V.A., Zakharov V.Yu., Malyshev S.A., Gusev E.A., Baryshev P.E., Pilgaev S.V., Kovalev S.M., Turyakov A.B. Transarktika-2019: winter expedition in the Arctic Ocean on the R/V "Akademik Tryoshnikov". Problemy Arktiki i Antarktiki. SummaryPreliminary results of the Transarktika-2019 winter expedition in the Arctic Ocean on the R/V "Akademik Tryoshnikov" are presented. The expedition program included studies on meteorology, hydrology, hydrochemistry, hydrobiology, geology, geophysics and an extensive complex of ice measurements in the Northern Barents Sea from the drifting ice and from the ship. During the expedition, it was possible to complete a wide range of tasks. The data obtained comprise a unique material for a comprehensive study of the current state of the environmental conditions in the Barents Sea. This paper highlights the most signifi cant preliminary results of multidisciplinary observations in various environments, which will be further comprehensively analyzed and published in separate thematic articles.Поступила 7 августа 2019 г.Принята к печати 23 сентября 2019 г.Ключевые слова: Баренцево море, геология, геофизика, гидробиология, метеорология, морской лед, океанография, полевые наблюдения, Северный Ледовитый океан.Представлены предварительные результаты зимней экспедиции «Трансарктика-2019» в Северном Ледовитом океане на НЭС «Академик Трёшников». Программа экспедиции включала в себя исследования по метеорологии, гидрологии, гидрохимии, гидробиологии, геологии, геофизике и обширному комплексу измерений ледяного покрова в северной части Баренцева моря с дрейфующего льда и с борта судна. Во время экспедиции удалось выполнить широкий круг задач. Полученные данные представляют собой уникальный материал для всестороннего изучения текущего состояния условий окружающей среды в Баренцевом море. В статье обозначены наиболее значимые предварительные результаты междисциплинарных наблюдений в различных средах, которые в дальнейшем будут всесторонне проанализированы и опубликованы в отдельных тематических статьях.

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In November 2016 a seismic station "Severnaya Zemlya" with code SVZ was installed on the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago (Bolshevik island, research facility "Ice base "Baranov's cape") by joint efforts N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research (Arkhangelsk) and Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (St. Petersburg). This station was included in the Arkhangelsk seismic network and a broadband set of CMG-6TD devices (Great Britain) was installed there.

A high yield of grain and green mass of corn can be obtained only when using the seeds of the first generation of zoned hybrids, which are threshed in the conditions of processing enterprises after pre-drying the cobs to a humidity of 12…18 %. At this humidity, the strength of the shell of corn grains is maximal and the connection of the grain with the rod is weakened, which allows for threshing with minimal damage to the grain. An experimental design of an axial-rotary threshing device, which rotor is equipped with multi-helical spiral winding of variable height, is developed. The winding height decreases from the entrance to the threshing chamber to the exit from it. Rotor fully covered pneumatic-adaptive studded deck is installed so that the gap between the rotor shaft and the independent movable pins decreases from the input to the output. All pins are pressed against the deck by means of rubber pneumatic bags with an internal overpressure. In addition, the threshing chamber has the ability to change its spatial position relative to the horizon. These dimensional characteristics are justified foe a stationary axial-rotary threshing device with a productivity of up to 4.5 t•h -1 . As the result of experimental studies, the following rational intervals of values of the modes of operation of the threshing device were established: the rotor speed 150…170 min -1 , the angle of inclination of the threshing chamber 10…14º, the force of pressing the movable pins to the cobs 35…55 N, feed 0.8…1.1 kg•s -1 . As a result, the productivity of the axial-rotary threshing device is in the range 2.88…3.96 t•h -1 and the energy intensity of the threshing process is 0.5…0.7 kWh•t -1 , grain on the cob after threshing is less than 1.5 %, free grain in threshed corn cobs 1.16 %.