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The model operations results of the Brillouin Backscattering effect on the distributed irregularities in fiber-optical communication links are given in this paper.Index Terms -a Brillouin reflectometry, early diagnostics, a reflectometer, an optical fiber.

Main nonlinear effects in optical fiber are considered in this paper. Special attention is given to physical aspect of effects and methods of mathematical modeling.

The peculiarities of the growth of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis (Nordst.) in water from highly mineralized lakes of the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the Southern Trans-Urals are investigated. The highest growth rates were established within the mineralization range of 3-30 g/l. The maximum mineralization values for spirulina growth were 80 g/l. pH values did not affect the intensity of spirulina growth. The longest duration of spirulina cultivation in lake water without the addition of nutrient medium was 3 months. With the addition of spirulina, the number of artemia in the water from the lake increased by one order of magnitude.

This paper presents the results of the research project “Modelling of traffic flows along the street-road network of urban and regional significance of the city of Moscow with the identification of areas operating in overload mode”. The project was realized using the method of static macro-modelling of traffic flows, the EMME software package based on the initial data for the period from 2015 to 2019, as well as field surveys of traffic flows. On the basis of the obtained results, the congestion threshold for various sections of the road network was calculated along with the proportion of congested sections. The reasons for congestion and the impact of induced demand are also analysed. It is concluded that methods for calculating the induced demand for movement using individual transport are required in order to improve the accuracy of forecasting traffic flows using static macro-modelling methods and improve the quality of management decisions aimed at developing an efficient transport infrastructure