A biphasic bone grafting biomaterial based on a mixture of calcium phosphates and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) phases with high nanoporosity was synthesized. The synthesis route was based on calcium phosphate composition and the incorporation of glycolic acid as a pore former, giving a material composed of 97% β-TCP and 3% calcium orthophosphates (CaPO 4). An in vitro study of the purity, microstructure, crystalline domain, and pores size for the material obtained was performed by SEM analysis as well as full structural characterization. The region of interest related to the surface was determined by the specific surface area measured with the BET method. In vivo evaluation of bone response was performed by implanting the new low-cost biphasic manufacturing material synthesized in this work, which was compared with a biphasic material of similar chemical and microstructural composition existing in the commercial market and with higher cost called Synergy Odontit ® β-TCP. The materials were implanted separately into 5 mm diameter defects in the tibias of New Zealand White rabbits at 30, 60, and 90 days. The results obtained showed that the host tissue well accepted the new biphasic material; the presence of new bone formation was observed. A more complete resorption was observed for the new microcrystalline biphasic material compared to for a commercial β-TCP material.

A 25-year-old woman presented a unilateral mandibular swelling, after laboratory analysis, radiological studies and aspiration puncture biopsy, the pathological diagnosis of Central Giant Cell Granuloma was made. Radiographically, the multilocular lesion involved the left lower first molar and was 30 mm long by 20 mm high. Dental extraction of the molar involved with forceps and exeresis in toto of the tumor were performed using a Volkmann cutting curette. The tumor made up of 90% vascular tissue produced intra-surgical bleeding that made visibility difficult. The bone bed curettage was aggressive except for its base in direct contact with the inferior dental nerve. Subsequently, to avoid recurrence, the surgical protocol includes a double irrigation with Carnoy's solution, (fixative composed of 60% ethanol, 30% chloroform and 10% glacial acetic acid 98%) for 5 minutes that produces chemical cauterization. Finally, it was washed with physiological solution and the cavity was filled with iodoformed gauze. The gauze was exchanged and removed gradually over three weeks for second intention healing. This case is presented to demonstrate that inexpensive chemical treatment can be safely used for outpatient surgery under local anesthesia. Because Carnoy's solution achieved control of intraoperative bleeding, allowed bone healing and prevented recurrence of the lesion in clinical radiographic follow-up for 15 years.

COVID 19 has spread uniformly across the planet without distinction of hemispheres, borders, or climates. However, underdeveloped countries lack sufficient means to effectively detect and cope with the pandemic. The catastrophic economic situation forces indefinite quarantines to avoid health collapse. The scarcity of massive detection tests has led health personnel, the general population and their rulers to ignorance of the true epidemiological magnitude of SARS-CoV-2. Method: A computerized bibliographic search was performed using the Google search engine of original and review articles indexed by Scopus and WOS, in the PubMed / Medline and Cochrane databases to identify all relevant manuscripts and preprints, notices from professional societies and comments from Experts published from the start of the current epidemic related to mild COVID 19 symptoms. Tools, massive methods for detecting the disease and their low availability in underdeveloped countries were analyzed. Inexpensive and easily accessible methods for testing for the disease were discussed. Result: According to the indexed publications on the incidence of hypoxemia as a symptom and parameter of the evolution of the disease, oxygen saturation of less than 93% was determined as the limit to consider the patient suspected of COVID 19. In addition, it was determined after the analysis of published studies show an average prevalence of anosmia-hyposmia as a mild symptom in 69% of patients infected with COVID 19. Conclusion: Suspected cases of COVID 19 infection could be detected by the presence of its prevalent signs and symptoms. More studies are needed to standardize and validate the postulated screening tests.