The sulcus formed by the division between the longissimus and the iliocostal muscles is a simple, direct, and easy-to-identify landmark for posterior lumbar plexus block in children.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The importance of postoperative analgesia has increased over the years. Plexular catheters represent a good option for high quality analgesia with reduced systemic repercussions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of side effects and complications in postoperative analgesia with plexular catheters and identify risk factors for bacterial colonization of the catheters. METHODS: Patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries betweenMarch of 2005 and January of 2007 received analgesia via plexular catheters. The incidence of side effects and complications of this technique were evaluated. In some of the cases, the catheter tip was cultured. RESULTS:Four hundred and thirty-three patients were evaluated. Urinary retention and nausea/vomiting had an incidence of 1.3 and 16.6%, respectively. Of 280 catheters examined, 8.6% were colonized. Infections, nerve lesions, or systemic repercussion were not observed. CONCLUSIONS:The use of antibiotics preoperatively and the type of needle were the risk factors of infection identified.

RESUMOMello SS, Saraiva RA -Alterações Eletroneurofisiológicas em Anestesia com Sevoflurano: Estudo Comparativo entre Pacientes Saudáveis e Pacientes com Paralisia Cerebral sevoflurane and 60% N 2 O in assisted ventilation. BIS and N9, N13, J u s t i f i c a t i v a e O b j e t i v o s -E s t u d o s a v a l i a n d o a farmacodinâmica de drogas anestésicas em Paralisia Background and Objectives -There are very few studies on anesthetic drugs pharmacodynamics in patients with Cerebral P a l s y ( C P ) . T h i s s t u d y a i m e d a t c o m p a r i n g electroneurophysiological responses in healthy and CP patients, using bispectral index (BIS) and short-latency s o m a t o s e n s o r y e v o k e d p o t e n t i a l ( S E P ) t o m o n i t o r e s e v o f l u r a n e -i n d u c e d c e n t r a l n e r v o u s s y s t e m ( C N S ) electroneurophysiological changes. Methods -Twenty four patients aged 3 to 18 years, scheduled for surgical procedures were allocated in two groups: 1. CP -12 patients with spastic CP; 2. Control (C) -12 patients with no n e u r o l o g i c a l d i s e a s e . A n e s t h e s i a w a s i n d u c e d w i t h

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