Background and Aim. Studies have suggested that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum BDNF levels and various metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods. The study included 88 T2DM patients and 33 healthy controls. Fasting blood samples were obtained from the patients and the control group. The serum levels of BDNF were measured with an ELISA kit. The current paper introduces a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) generalization curve to identify cut-off for the BDNF values in type 2 diabetes patients. Results. The serum levels of BDNF were significantly higher in T2DM patients than in the healthy controls (206.81 ± 107.32 pg/mL versus 130.84 ± 59.81 pg/mL; P < 0.001). They showed a positive correlation with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r = 0.28; P < 0.05), the triglyceride level (r = 0.265; P < 0.05), and white blood cell (WBC) count (r = 0.35; P < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, age (P < 0.05), body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.05), C-reactive protein (CRP) (P < 0.05), and BDNF (P < 0.01) were independently associated with T2DM. In ROC curve analysis, BDNF cut-off was 137. Conclusion. The serum BDNF level was higher in patients with T2DM. The BDNF had a cut-off value of 137. The findings suggest that BDNF may contribute to glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation.

Lymphopenia, T cell subgroup changes, and cytokine level differences are important in the early diagnosis and treatment of Covid‐19 cases and similar pandemics. We aimed to investigate the T cell, monocyte subgroups, and cytokine differences according to disease severity. A total of 46 volunteers were included in the study. According to disease status, there were three groups (control, mild, and severe). The age, gender, smoking status, temperature, heart rate and oxygen saturation, complete blood count, C‐reactive protein (CRP) was noted, and flow cytometric analyses were performed for T cell and monocyte subgroups, and cytokine levels. Temperature, heart rate, SPO2, white blood cell (WBC), lympocyte count, trombocyte count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, D‐dimer and CRP levels, lymphocyte %, lymphocyte/monocyte rate, monocyte subtypes (%), CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ cell counts, interleukin (IL)‐1β, TNF‐alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐18, IL‐23 were significantly different between groups. CRP, IL‐8, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, NK cells (%) have positive correlation and negative correlation was observed at lymphocyte (count), lymphocyte (%), lymphocyte/monocyte, classical monocyte (%), lymphocyte (count), CD3+ (count), CD4+ (count). As conclusion, lymphocyte (%), Lymphocyte (count), CRP levels, CD3+ and CD4+ cell counts strongly correlate with disease severity are valuable parameters for determining the prognoses of Covid‐19.

Quick diagnosis is essential in AP. Current scoring systems for AP diagnosis are complicated, whereas NLP is a simple, practical, and effective marker.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) on the microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients who applied to our internal medicine clinic. Methods:The study included 212 type 2 DM patients and 34 healthy controls who were compatible according to age and sex. Age, sex, duration of illness, treatment for diabetes and other illnesses associated with diabetes, height, weight, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were recorded at the beginning of the study. AIP is calculated as the logarithm of the ratio between the triglyceride value and high density lipoprotein value (in mg/dL).Results: AIP and triglyceride levels of the type 2 DM patients were higher than those of the control group. Also, the study determined that 25.7% of the patients have retinopathy, 31.6% have neuropathy, 29.1% have microalbuminuria, and 3.9% have macroalbuminuria. If we accept that there is a complications who have one of these complications in this three, there is 62.6% of the patients have complications. A statistically significant correlation was determined with these complications and lipid subgroups such as AIP and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Conclusion:The relationship between AIP and only nephropathy, which is a complication in type 2 DM patients, was determined.

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