A 65-year-old woman was referred to our institution with a 5-day history of visual impairment in her right eye and macula-off retinal detachment. A successful 23 G pars plana vitrectomy was performed with a 1000 cs silicone oil injection, and the silicone oil tamponade was extracted 2 months later. During the fundoscopic and optical coherence tomography examinations, three subfoveal perfluorocarbon liquid bubbles were detected, and her best corrected visual acuity was limited to 20/400. Brilliant blue staining was used for the internal limiting membrane peeling, and the direct transretinal aspiration of the perfluorocarbon liquid bubbles was performed with a 23 G silicone-tip Flute cannula. This patient’s best corrected visual acuity increased to 20/200 at the 1 month follow-up and then to 20/100 at the 1-year follow-up.

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Background/aim: The effects of systemic magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ) on retina in preterm hypoxic-ischemic (HI) rat model are not known. Our aim was to investigate the effects of MgSO 4 on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) count, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptotic index, retinal vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expressions in preterm HI rat model. Materials and methods:Fifteen, postnatal day (PND) 7 rat pups were divided into 3 groups: 1. Sham-operated group, 2. HI group, and 3. MgSO 4 -treated HI group. The second and third groups underwent ischemia followed by exposure to hypoxia for 2 h (Vannucci model). The first and second groups received intraperitoneal saline and the third group received intraperitoneal MgSO 4 . On PND 10, eyes of the pups were evaluated for RGC count, apoptotic index, VEGFR-2, and GFAP expressions. Results:In both HI and MgSO 4 -treated HI group, the mean total RGC counts were found to be significantly decreased. However, the mean total RGC count in the MgSO 4 -treated HI group was significantly higher than that of the HI group. The mean apoptotic index was found to be significantly increased in the HI group. Retinal VEGFR-2 and GFAP expressions were found to be significantly higher in the HI group.Conclusions: Magnesium sulfate preconditioning and treatment in preterm HI rat model might diminish apoptosis, relatively preserve RGCs, and reduce retinal VEGFR-2 and GFAP expressions.

Background: To report the short term real-life outcomes of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients switched to intravitreal aflibercept after failure to prior ranibizumab treatment.

This study aimed to compare the short-term efficacy of dexamethasone (Dex) implant with those of three consecutive ranibizumab (Rzb) injections in the treatment-naive diabetic macular edema patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, 30 eyes of 30 diabetic macular edema (DME) patients were enrolled in the intravitreal Rzb (IVR) group; 29 eyes of 29 patients were enrolled in the Dex implant (DI) group. The IVR group was treated with three consecutive monthly Rzb injections; the DI group was injected one single DI. Both groups underwent ophthalmological examinations and optical coherence tomography exams at baseline and 1 st , 2 nd , and 3 rd month visits. Data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0, statistically. Results: Mean age, duration of diabetes, baseline best-corrected visual acuity, and central macular thickness (CMT) of both arms were statistically indifferent. The intraocular pressure (IOP) changes were within and between groups insignificant. The comparison of visual gain at the final visit showed no difference (p>0.05). The final CMT reduction in both groups was statistically insignificant (145 µm vs 110.5 µm p>0.05). In the DI group, two eyes (7%) had to be treated with topical anti-glaucomatous agents in the follow-up. Conclusion: Both monthly Rzb injections and DI are equally effective in the initial treatment of DME. Although the treatment effect of the DI was seen earlier in the follow-up, the IOP elevations may be a clinical concern in some cases.