The use of antibiotics in inappropriate on food producing animals can lead to resistance many of the pathogenic bacteria to the various types of antibiotics, one of which is the Escherichia coli (E. coli) which produces extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Antibiotic resistance in animals and humans has become a global problem that needs attention and immediate management by using specific antibiotics that used for therapeutic the infected animals. The aim of this study was to isolate and detect E. coli producing ESBL. All E. coli from the surface of dairy cow rectal swabs in Sendang District, Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia using the Vitek-2 method. The number of rectal swab samples used in the present study was 50. The results of this study showed that all the samples were suspected of being E. coli, based on the morphological growth of colonies on the EMBA media. The isolates were identified by using the biochemical tests. All the samples were positive. In this study the double disc synergy test (DDST) method was using to confirm the ESBL. The antibiotics were used amoxicylyn-clavulanate, ceftazidime and cefotaxime for DDST. In additional ESBL confirmation test was used the Vitek-2 method. The presence of ESBL producing by E. coli isolated from rectal dairy swabs in tulungagung was 6% (3/50).

Xenochrophis piscatoris a snake that often found in Indonesia, particularly in Java Island.Xenochrophis piscatoris a non-venomous snake and often used for food, traditional medicine and as pets in Indonesia. Snakes can be infected by different types of parasites which are zoonotic. One of the zoonotic helminth infect snakes is acanthocephalan. Acanthocephalan can be transmitted to humans by ingesting snake products. We investigate the incidence of helminthiasis in X. piscator from snakes collector in Tulangan district, Sidoarjo, East Java. Parasites were collected from X. piscator organs. Identification of parasites was in carmine stain using light microscope for examination. Sixty snakes were observed and sixteen snakes were positively infected by adult acanthocephalan (26.67%). Acanthocephalan was found in mesenterium and fascia of X. piscator.

The contamination of tap water by microorganisms was surveyed at Surabaya and Jakarta, Indonesia, and at Hat Yai, Thailand. Water samples were directly collected from house faucets and filtered through membranes. The membranes were examined for protozoan parasites by immunomagnetic separation. Coliform and Escherichia coll were examined at each sample collection site using commercially available kits. A total of 115 water samples were examined and 37 (32%) were positive for any of four microorganisms which were two species of protozoa (Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium parvum) and two kinds of bacteria (coliform and Escherichia coll). G. intestinalis and C. parvum were found in 9% and 1% of total samples, respectively. Of those detected, coliform was the most common and was found in all three areas with a mean detection rate of 30% (15-52%). The water samples that were positive for any of the four types of microorganisms showed a tendency to have lower residual chlorine concentrations and higher turbidities compared with negative samples. It is important to supply safe water in order to maintain people's health because most of the people surveyed (4-88%) ordinarily drank tap water without treating it. Continued efforts are needed to maintain and improve drinking water quality.

Tanqua tiara (T. tiara) is the gastric nematode of Varanus salvator (V. salvator) [1-4], this study was conducted to identification morphology of T. tiara. Although there are no reports of human and animal infection T.tiara but still have the potential to transmit the disease to humans through direct contact or indirectly. Isolation of adult worms T.  tiara from the digestive tract of V. salvator and then will make to dry preparat.Some 20 V.alvator's gastrointestinal tract at autopsy and gained as much as 321 nematode worms, nematode worms were obtained from the stomach V. salvator, result identification from dry preparat show : Male (mm) (Total length of body 9.4-32, Wide body 0,26-1,77, Diameter of head-bulb 0,17-0,32, The length of the head 0,23-0,33, Distance from the head-end to the end of the esophagus 2,8-5,7, Distance from the head-end to cervical sac 0,22-0,81, The thickness of the cuticle 0,008-0,036, Long tail 0,13-0,42, Long spikula0,3-1,1) and female (mm) (Total length of body 6,8-22, Wide body 0,14-2,33, Diameter of head-bulb 0,15-0,34, The length of the head 0,1-0,28, Distance from the head-end to the end of the esophagus 2,3-4,58, Distance from the head-end to cervical sac 0,18-0,88, The thickness of the cuticle 0,007-0,031, Long tail 0,12-0,28, Distance vulva from the tail end 3,02-3,61, Long uterus 13,1-21,4, size of egg 0,04-0,052X0,03-0,049). Identification of morphological Tanqua tiara indicate worms vary in size, but the specimen is dominated by small-sized worms.  Keywords: Varanus salvator; Tanqua tiara; Cephalic bulb.

The aims of this research are to know the concentration, exposure time and interaction between concentration and exposure time of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves ethanol extract which cause the most mortality toward Fasciola gigantica. Also to know its value of LC50 and LC90. The research was completely randomized design. There were five treatments. Each treatment was done in four replications and used 10 Fasciola gigantica. The observation and recording of dead Fasciola gigantica were done at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours. Fasciola gigantica were declared dead if there was no movement when disturbed by anatomy tweezers and when dipped in slightly warm water (50ºC). The obtained data was analyzed using ANOVA Factorial and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test. The result was 10% concentration and exposure time for 10 hours caused the most mortality toward Fasciola gigantica. However, the interaction between concentration and exposure time resulted that 5% concentration for 8 hours already caused the most mortality of Fasciola gigantica. Probit analysis was used to calculate the LC50 and LC90. The results were LC50 of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves ethanol extract was 7.9% at 4 hours, 3.7% at 6 hours, 1.8% at 8 hours and 0.8% at 10 hours and the LC90 was 8.4% at 10 hours. Key words: Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves, Fasciola gigantica, ethanol extract, in vitro.