The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contingent relationship between government marketing assistance for export and the performance of early internationalizing firms in a developing country's low-tech industry. The authors employ hierarchical multiple regression based on the data obtained from Indonesia, a developing country and a leading exporter of apparel products worldwide. The authors used a sample of 100 early internationalizing apparel firms to test the hypotheses. Research describes the relationship between export assistance (financial and marketing assistance) and performance as direct. Recently, some researchers have suggested moderators between them. The authors argue that the relationship between the two is contingent on the level of competitive advantage. The authors find that financial assistance and marketing assistance are directly related to export performance. The relationship between financial assistance and export commitment to export performance are significantly. The effect of marketing assistance is positively, but only marginally, moderated by competitive advantage. Contrary to researchers overarching focus on a direct relationship, the authors investigate the moderation on the relationship between financial assistance and marketing assistance, and early internationalizing firm's performance in a developing country's low-tech industry setting. The authors use competitive advantage as the moderator; it is one of the most important internal determinants of export performance and extremely relevant in early internationalizing firms. The differential impact of financial and marketing assistance provides additional insights.

<p><em><strong>Abstrak. </strong></em>Pulau Jawa memiliki gunung api terbanyak di Indonesia (45 buah). Material bersumber dari erupsi gunungapi (piroklastik) di sekitar Pulau Jawa menyebabkan kualitas kesuburan tanah di Pulau Jawa lebih baik dibandingkan wilayah lain di Indonesia. Wilayah pegunungan sering dijadikan sebagai daerah sentra usaha pertanian. Kajian terkait karakteristik mineralogi tanah dari bahan vulkanik di Pulau Jawa telah banyak dilakukan, namun terbatas pada penelitian yang bersifat mandiri (perwilayahan pegunungan). Mengungkap dan memperbandingkan data berkait karakteristik mineralogi tanah vulkanik di Pulau Jawa akan memperkaya hasanah keilmuan dan bermanfaat dalam tata kelola lahan pertanian. </p><p><em><strong>Abstract.</strong> </em>Java Island has the most volcanoes in Indonesia (45 volcanoes). Materials sourced from volcanic eruptions (pyroclastic) around the Java Island have caused the quality of soil fertility in Java is better than other regions in Indonesia. Mountainous areas are often used as a center of agricultural business, especially horticulture. Studies related to the mineralogical characteristics of soil from volcanic material on the Java Island have been widely carried out, but are limited to independent research (single mountain territory). Revealing and comparing data related to the mineralogical characteristics of volcanic soils in the Java Island will enriches scientific knowledge and useful in the management of agricultural land.<br /><br /></p>

Tanah vulkanik di daerah Kabupaten Wonosobo berkembang dari bahan abu dan pasir vulkan andesitis dan basalt. Jenis tanah di wilayah tersebut didominasi oleh Andosol. Pengkajian lanjut mengenai tanah-tanah vulkanik perlu dilakukan untuk memahami karakteristik, kesuburan, dan pengelolaannya untuk pertanian. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan informasi karakteristik morfologi dan kesuburan tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik kesuburan dan pengelolaan tanah di lahan pertanian dataran tinggi daerah vulkanik. Penelitian dilaksanakan sebagai bagian dari survei tanah untuk pemetaan semidetail pada tahun 2016 dan survei korelasi peta tanah semidetail tahun 2018. Dua puluh enam contoh tanah dari tujuh buah profil pewakil telah dideskripsikan morfologi tanahnya dan dianalisis kesuburan tanahnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah memiliki kedalaman dangkal, sedang, hingga dalam. Tekstur tanah agak kasar, sedang, dan agak halus dengan drainase tanah sedang hingga baik. Tingkat kesuburan tanah sedang dengan nilai kejenuhan basa bersifat rendah hingga tinggi, kapasitas tukar kation rendah hingga sedang, dan pH tanah bersifat agak masam hingga masam. Pemupukan P dan K serta penambahan bahan organik yang intensif pada lahan pertanian tanaman hortikultura menyebabkan tingginya kadar P dan K tersedia serta C-organik. Pemupukan P secara berimbang dengan hara lainnya dan penambahan bahan organik diperlukan pada lahan yang dimanfaatkan untuk pertanian hortikultura, baik yang memiliki kadar P tersedia tinggi terlebih pada lahan dengan kadar P tersedia rendah. Profil P-12 menunjukkan retensi P yang tinggi, sehingga memerlukan perhatian khusus untuk pengelolaan pupuk P. Penerapan pemupukan P dan penambahan bahan organik merupakan kunci pengelolaan lahan untuk tanah vulkanik di wilayah ini.

No abstract

Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder reported by the public, which impacts disrupting activities during the day and worsening body health. Therefore, interventions are needed to improve the quantity and quality of sleep for the body to be healthier. This study aims to analyze the content validity and the effect of applying dhikr breathing relaxation therapy on insomniacs. This research and development involved five experts/psychologists with a minimum education of a master's in psychology and nine people with insomnia in their productive age domiciled in Surakarta as the research subjects. Insomnia subjects were chosen using the sequential-random sampling method and selected utilizing the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The measuring instrument used was a content validity assessment questionnaire assessed by experts (raters). The content validity analysis employed Aiken's V coefficient, and the effect of the therapy application was analyzed descriptively from qualitative data in the form of interviews a week after the therapy application on the subjects with insomnia. The validation test results obtained an average V value of 0.981. The analysis results showed that the effects of applying the therapy model, in general, had a positive influence on improving sleep quality, characterized by ease of entering sleep, reducing the frequency of awakening during sleep, and waking up refreshed. In conclusion, the dhikr breathing relaxation therapy model has a positive effect on improving sleep quality. This study implies that the dhikr breathing relaxation therapy model is appropriate and feasible to use as a therapy to reduce insomnia symptoms.