Quasi‐amorphous colloidal structures exhibiting angle‐independent tunable photonic colors in response to the electric stimuli. Moderately polydisperse colloidal Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles dispersed in organic solvents exclusively form quasi‐amorphous photonic materials at sufficiently high concentrations, and which reversibly reflect incident light in visible region in response to the relatively low bias voltages.

We synthesized three different derivatives of bis-spiropyran using simple organic reactions with high yields. BSP1, a derivative of bis-spiropyran having a connection at the position 6' and BSP2, a derivative of bisspiropyran having a connection at the position 5 and BSP3, a derivative of bis-spiropyran containing a dithienylethene group between two spiropyran moieties were synthesized. The optical properties of BSPs were characterized. UV-Vis spectra showed that BSPs exhibit reversible photo-isomerization and the efficiency of photo-isomerization is highly dependent on the position of nitro group. BSPs having nitro group at para position of hydroxy group showed the higher efficiency of photo-isomerization that the one having nitro group at ortho position. The optical microscope images obtained under ultraviolet or visible light exposure demonstrated that the formation of nanorods can be reversibly controlled by optical signal.

Yeats resists against the spreading of British culture in Irish culture, but he continually attempts to integrate cultures by writing about issues such as religion, race, and language in his works. Hidden in the gorgeous appearance of his works, the problems of national cause, languages, and the sense of distance from nationalists lurk here and there. In the larger frame of Irish nationalism, Yeats's single ideology of cultural nationalism operates in a limited range. In other words, a sense of distance occurs between the goal the Irish nationalists aim at and the goal Yeats pursues. The fact is that internal conflicts took place in Ireland.

Both Wordsworth and Yeats dream of the establishment of a new republic and the independence of Ireland, undergoing the French Revolution and the Easter Rising. The violence and bloodshed, which these historical events bring about, however, change the two poets's mind. They come to have ambivalent feelings, constantly questioning their own judgment of the terrible historical events. Wordsworth and Yeats could face confusing historical events only in nature and language, not completely eliminating their ambivalence in the events, though. The two poets constantly travel between the light and shadow of the French Revolution and the Easter Rising, expressing joy and sorrow, affirmation and denial, hope and fear.