CAD/CAM stands for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing. CAD/CAM systems are used to speed up the design and production process in dentistry. With three-dimensional design and milling, various restorations can be fabricated without the need for a physical model. It is possible to scan the oral cavity and take digital impressions. The restoration can be designed with the software's help and fabricated in a shorter time without laboratory stages. In addition, the mechanical strength and edge compatibility of the restorations are improved and the fabrication of aesthetic restorations is aimed. CAD/CAM technology offers advantages such as time savings, elimination of potential errors, ease of use, and treatment quality. With the increasing demand for CAD/CAM restorations, various materials have been developed. Nowadays, CAD/CAM materials are widely available on the market and restorations can be produced from prefabricated blocks and discs. In this review, resin matrix CAD/CAM materials, which are relatively new on the market and claimed to have some positive properties for dental restorations, are described.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of different sandblasting procedures on the wear and surface properties of zirconia and resin-based CAD/CAM restorative materials and to evaluate the relationships among materials and procedures. Materials and Methods: A total of 160 specimens of 2 mm thickness were prepared from Cerasmart, Vita-Enamic, Tetric-CAD, and Katana-Zirconia CAD/CAM materials. Each material was divided into four groups. Group-1: Control; Group-2: 29 μm Al2O3; Group-3: 30 μm CoJet; and Group-4: 50 μm Al2O3. Sandblasting procedures were applied from a distance of 10 mm for 15 s at 2 bar pressure. The volume loss resulting from sandblasting was calculated. The samples were then scanned with a Nanovea-PS50 non-contact profilometer. The Ra, Rz, and Sa values were recorded. The data were analyzed with the Shapiro-Wilk test and two-way ANOVA. Results: Group-4 showed the highest Ra and Rz values in all materials. The highest Sa and volume differences values were observed for Cerasmart, Vita-Enamic, and Tetric-CAD in Group-4; similar values were obtained for Katana-Zirconia. When the materials were compared, Cerasmart exhibited the highest volume differences, Ra, Rz, and Sa values in Group-4, while Katana-Zirconia demonstrated the lowest. Conclusions: Sandblasting procedure and material type showed a significant impact on the wear and surface properties. The abrasive effect increased with the increasing Al2O3 particle sizes for resin-matrix materials. Sandblasting with 50 μm Al2O3 exhibited the lowest wear and surface roughness values for Katana-Zirconia and the highest for Cerasmart.
Dual polimerize ve self adeziv rezin simanların renklenme özelliklerini değerlendirmek ve cila prosedürünün tekrarlanmasının restorasyonun renk stabilitesine etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Shofu Blok HC CAD/CAM materyalinden 12140,8 mm boyutlarında 40 adet kesit (n=10) elde edildi. Kesit yüzeyleri, 600 gritlik silikon karbid (SiC) zımpara ile zımparalandı ve Enhance Finishing System ile cilalandı. Kesitlerin diğer yüzeyi 50 µm Al 2 O 3 kum ile pürüzlendirildi. CAD/CAM bloklar uygulanacak olan adeziv rezin siman ve bekletilecek sıvı tipine göre rastgele 4 gruba ayrıldı. Adeziv rezinler üretici talimatlarına göre CAD/CAM yüzeyine uygulandı ve polimerize edildi. Başlangıç renk ölçümleri beyaz arka plan üzerinde yapıldı. Daha sonra örnekler sitrik asitte ve distile suda bir hafta bekletildi ve renk ölçümü tekrarlandı. Ardından örneklerin dış yüzeylerine tekrar cila yapılıp renk ölçümü yapıldı ve ΔE değerleri hesaplandı. İstatistiksel analizde Shapiro Wilk Testi, Kruskal Wallis Tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Dunn's testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: En düşük ΔE1 değeri Grup 4'te, en yüksek ΔE1 değeri Grup 2'de gözlendi (p<0.05). En düşük ΔE2 değeri Grup 2'de en yüksek ΔE2 değeri Grup 4'te gözlendi (p<0.05). ΔE değerleri arasında Grup 1 ve 2 için anlamlı farklılık tespit edildi (p<0.05). Sonuç: Self adeziv rezin siman sitrik asitte yaşlandırıldığında dual-cure rezin simandan daha az renklenme göstermiştir. Renklenmiş restorasyonlara tekrar cila uygulanması ile restorasyonun renk değişimi kullanılan adeziv rezin tipine bağlı olarak azalmıştır.
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