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The article presents the results of comparison of the methods of spring tillage for melons in the steppe ilmeni on the Baer hillocks. Agrophysical soil properties, wind resistance, weediness and yield were determined. During the growing of watermelon sprouts, the microaggregate soil structure was wind–unstable. In crops of watermelon cultivated after plowing and deep flat–cutting cultivation, a 2.6–2.8–fold decrease in the number of weeds was observed. The highest yield of Astrakhan was obtained as a result of spring tillage – 42.1 t/ha and deep plane–cutting – 41.3 t/ha. Flat–cutting treatment and the use of the fallow preserved the stubble and contributed to a 5–11–fold reduction in sand transfer under the influence of wind.

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