Defective repair of DNA when heterozygous leads to Lynch syndrome (LS) which is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. When homozygous, defective repair of DNA leads to constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD), inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion with a predisposition to develop a pattern of childhood malignancies including hematological and solid cancers. We report such a case of a 21-year-old male who developed anaplastic astrocytoma, Burkitt lymphoma, osteochondroma, and colon cancer successively. Each cancer was treated successfully except for colon cancer which developed liver metastasis after the initial treatment with curative intent. However, the patient has been treated for liver metastasis with curative intent and is currently on follow-up. This case report highlights the importance of maintaining a low threshold for investigating CMMRD and other potential cancer predisposition syndromes when a patient presents with multiple cancers in the early years of their life.
Availability of standard quality drinking water is very essential for all living-beings. Availability of drinkable water has become a biggest challenge for the whole world. Water is a vital necessity for living-beings. Contamination of water has caused the millions of deaths in every year. Therefore, it is dire need to develop and explore low cost and simple methods to obtain quality drinking water. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is good reactive agent that had used to immobilize the toxic substance and destroyed the virus from contaminated water. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were prepared by using zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4. 7H2O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). As prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were characterized by using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. From XRD results, average crystallite size of prepared ZnO-NPs was calculated using Scherrer’s equation and found to be 29 nm. SEM analysis showed that as prepared NPs has mixed morphology having hexagon and rod-like shapes. UV-Vis analysis showed that maximum absorbance range between 250 nm to 350 nm. After the characterization, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were employed for purification of water. The treated water was then investigated by finding electrical conductivity (EC), analysis of pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) for the study of heavy metals and colony forming units (CFU) for microbial count such as bacteria, virus and protozoa etc. It was found that water treated with ZnO killed 100 % of microorganism as compared to water without treatment of ZnO (63%).
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