Cancer also known as malignant neoplasm, is a broad group of various diseases. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumours, and invade nearby parts of the body. There are over 200 different known cancers that afflict humans. Malignant neoplastic lesions are the eighth leading cause accounting for 6.7% of the total medically certified deaths in India. Breast cancer is by far the most frequent cancer among women with an estimated 2.58 million new cancer cases diagnosed in 2019 (23% of all cancers), and ranks second overall (10.9% of all cancers). It is now the most common cancer both in developed and developing regions with around 690000 new cases estimated in each region (population ratio1:4). Breast cancer is the Most Common cancer in all urban areas in India, and 2nd most common in the rural areas. The most recent data Population Based Cancer Registry PBCR 2016 -2018 tells us that breast cancer accounts for 25% to 31% of all cancers in women in cities (Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Bhopal etc.). Breast cancer alone accounts for around 14% of total female neoplasm deaths.
Covid ‘19 is a pandemic disease, spread all over the world. Covid ‘19 was first detected in Wuhan, China and it was first reported to the WHO country office on 31st December 2019. Covid ‘19 was spread through Corona Virus, this virus initially infected the respiratory tract than to lungs. In the beginning, Covid ‘19 was suspected to spread only with community transformation, later it was assumed that it is an airborne, waterborne, and community transformation disease. Recent clinical research reveals that Corona virus causing mutations and point mutations, still cause is unknown. Covid ‘19 is unstable in the living body, once coronavirus is found positive to a person involving in multiple complications in the body such as cardiovascular dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and other complications in the body. Different Hospitals have shown that when a person was infected with Covid ‘19 that person was severe for breathing problem and collapsing with unknown cause. The affected person's life span was only 48 to 72 hours. The researcher scientists, clinicians are day-night trying to take any suitable solution to control and cure Covid ‘19. Covid ‘19 patients are found changes in their routine life. There is a change in their metabolic functions. There is a change in their physics and also in their Biochemical and Molecular parameters. Mostly their Protein synthesis and coagulation profiles are involved in Covid ’19. The present study is aimed to investigate the value of D- Dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, C – Reactive Protein, Prothrombin Time, activate partial prothrombin time are the significant indicators of suspected COVID ’19 - Patients.
Public health care has been of national and international related as in the methods of witnessing the health care standard of any nation in the world. It mobilises and engages nationally and internationally. Since the health care concern problems and issues vary from country to country. Good health is a pre-requisites for human productivity and development process. It is important and essential for socio economic and scientific development. Health and health care is a common phenomenon in most of the cultures and communities. Health and health care is the absence of any disease. The objective of this research is the study of the development of health sector in India. The study will evolve the concept of globalisation, development of information technology (Telemedicine) medical tourism, role of urbanization growth of health care insurance sector, affordability of health care in India. The role played by major privet health care firms in India.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is considered a public health problem because of its high prevalence, morbidity and mortality. 1 Morbidity remains high with more than 20% of patients undergoing hemodialysis dying every year with frequent complications of heart disease, hypertension, anaemia, inflammation and physical function. 2 Coronary artery disease has accounted for 40-50% of deaths among patients who undergo dialysis. Myocardial infarction has approximately accounted for 10-20% of these deaths which occur shortly after initiating dialysis with 29% within 1 year and 52% within 2 years. The risk increases as the kidney function declines. The present study aims to study the serum levels of hs-CRP and ferritin in hemodialysis patients and to correlate with ejection fraction as an indirect association of coronary artery disease and therefore to study the role of inflammatory markers hs-CRP and ferritin in hemodialysis patients and their role as predictive markers in coronary artery disease. The study included 50 hemodialysis patients with CAD and 50 hemodialysis patients without CAD. hs-CRP and ferritin parameters were analysed. hs-CRP and ferritin levels were significantly increased in hemodialysis patients with CAD (p<0.000) and the ejection fraction in patients on hemodialysis with coronary artery disease was significantly low (p<0.000). From the above values we can infer that hemodialysis patients with CAD have less ejection fraction when compared to hemodialysis patients without CAD. In conclusion, there was a significant elevation in the hs-CRP and ferritin levels when compared to controls furthermore it was also associated with worse prognosis for cardiovascular diseases.
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