Infectious diseases caused by infected tools in the environments are threaten to the safety and public health. Transmission sources of these infectious diseases are unknown, but it is thought that non-living materials called fomites, are the major source of acquired infections. Three hundred and one swabs were taken from different sources and cultured on blood agar to study heamolysis ability of isolated bacteria. In this study, MacConkey agar was used to isolate Gram-negative bacteria and Sabouraud agar (SDA) to isolate fungi. The biofilm formation test was done by Congo red plate assay. 41 (13.6%) bacterial isolates were obtained and (18.27%) of fungi were isolated on Sabouraud agar (SDA). Staphylococcus aureus was the more frequent bacterial species that isolated in this study. 29% of samples showed hemolysin activity on blood agar and 32%of the isolates were biofilm- producer. Results revealed that (7.9%) of Gram-negative bacteria harbored the fimH gene, (9%) harbored the icaA were Gram-positive and 6.3 % of fungal samples had HWP1 gene. Furthermore, (9.3%) from the total samples are bacterial samples harbored hla gene belong to Staphylococcus spp. Furthermore, (5.07%) of tested samples possessed hlyA gene were Gram-negative bacteria. We found in our study that infectious organisms can be transmitted from one individual to another by fomites responsible for acquired infection.

Maize stays inimitable of uppermost cornflakes used global by way of infrequent considerable on behalf of footing of unrelated products, like tortillas, cash, bars, cookies, pizzas. Substantial loss in maize production stands infection by dint of Mycological pollution. Determination of examination stayed toward separate besides executive aflatoxin equal fashionable maize seeds examples. Mycological contamination initiate fashionable completely stowed examples poised commencing selected families fashionable Iraqi government. Mycotoxin formation via cloistered fungi consequently dignified by thin layer chromatography method. seven diverse molds inaccessible as of 88 maize examples inspected aimed at Mycological pollution recognized .Many mycotoxins remained empirical fashionable recent pursuit excluding aflatoxin B1 besides fumonisin B1 .

In this study we tried to convert the chemical energy to electrical energy by using microbial fuel cell (MFC) consist of two chambers (anode and cathode) in presence of bacteria (Escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeroginosa ) and yeast (Saccharomyces cervesia) in the anode chamber to generate electrons. The system was started with glucose concentration 5gm/l in different pH value from (5-8). From the results we get the great generation of electricity with S. cervesia at pH 5 and the maximum voltage was 833mv. In case of bacteria that used in our experiment, the suitable pH for generation the electricity was. (7)

No abstract

No abstract