RESUMEDans le souci de réduire le flux des polluants présents dans les eaux usées des agglomérations urbaines de la république de Yémen, une étude préliminaire a été entreprise au niveau de la station d'épuration de la ville de S'ANAA (Yémen). Cette étude avait comme premier objectif d'estimer la pollution physico-chimique globale dans les effluents de la STEP. Il s'agissait d'abord, d'identifier les sources et les origines de pollution à l'entrée de la station, et ensuite d'étudier les performances épuratoires de la station d'épuration. Le but est de ramener les teneurs des éléments polluants dans l'eau en dessous des valeurs fixées par les normes internationales. Des mesures d'indicateurs de qualité ont été effectuées pendant six mois sur des échantillons prélevés suivant une fréquence de quatre fois par mois. Les rendements épuratoires moyens atteignent 90,99% en DBO5, 89,99% en DCO et 86,4% en MES. L'élimination des orthophosphates est assez élevée avec un rendement moyen de 68%. De manière globale, les teneurs moyennes en sels restent assez élevées par rapport à la limite tolérable pour un rejet de raffinerie des eaux usées dans un milieu récepteur. Par ailleurs, on a révélé une moyenne de 100,5 mg/l (± 12,02) pour les NH4 avec un taux d'abattement de 33% et une moyenne de 2152,75 µs/cm (± 151,49) pour les conductivités électriques.
Background. Groundwater is an important source of drinking water for human and animal populations and therefore should be protected from pollution. The study area, Sidi Slimane, is in the western region of Morocco, which is a highly important agricultural area. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking in the Sidi Slimane region. Methods. Twenty (20) samples were collected from different locations in the study area in 2015 in order to evaluate the quality of groundwater for human consumption. Collection, transportation and analysis of samples were performed according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater of the American Public Health Association (APHA), 2017. The major ions (cations and anions), ammonium (NH4+), pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the groundwater samples were analyzed. Total dissolved solids (TDS) and total hardness (TH) parameters were calculated on the basis of obtained chemical data. ArcGIS program (version 10.4.1) was used in the preparation of topographic and hydrological maps of the study area. Results. Groundwater showed high concentrations of most parameters of drinking water quality according to Moroccan and international standards. Groundwater was brackish and very hard. The results showed that sodium and chloride ions were the predominant ions. Salinity was present at low depths. The majority of groundwater samples in the study area (18 out of 20) were sodium chloride type, and only 2 samples were mixed calcium-magnesiumchlorine type. Discussion. The obtained results were compared with the Moroccan standards for drinking water. The results show that 100%, 75%, 70%, 70%, 65% and 55% of groundwater samples exceeded the permissible limits for drinking water quality according to the Moroccan standard with regard to sodium, calcium, TDS, EC, chlorine, and nitrate, respectively. Conclusions. Most of the groundwater samples in the study area showed poor drinking water quality. Groundwater quality must be protected by controlling the use of pesticides, fertilizers, manure, and harmful irrigation practices. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests
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