<p class="abstract">Cutaneous leiomyomas are benign tumors that can be exquisitely painful. Comprise three distinct types such as piloleimyoma, angioleiomyoma, and genital leiomyoma. Piloleiomyomas, derived from arrector pili muscle, are solitary or multiple firm papulonodules located mostly on the extremities and trunk; genital leiomyomas, derived from dartoic, vulvar, or mammary smooth muscle, are solitary or papulonodules located on the scrotum, vulva, or nipple; and angioleiomyomas, include solid, cavernous, or venous subtypes, are derived from the tunica media of small arteries and veins and typically present on the extremities. Excisional biopsy is required for diagnosing all cutaneous leiomyomas Histology shows interlacing fibers of spindle cells with moderate amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm and a blunt-ended, elongated nucleus with perinuclear halos. Surgical excision is curative for cutaneous leiomyomas, with other management options including medical or destructive therapy. A 36-year-old male patient presented with a 13 years history of painful, multiple lesions over the back. Based on the histopathological examination, imaging, and past medical records, a diagnosis of familial leiomyoma was made. His brother had similar disease. The patient was started on tab gabapentin 300mg at night. Patient advised for carbon dioxide laser excision. The present case report has been reported for its interesting clinical presentations and rarity.</p>

Background: Hair disorders are a common complaint that baffles dermatologists due to multiple causes. Trichoscopy is a noninvasive technique used to diagnose and monitor the progression of various hair disorders. Purpose: To observe the trichoscopic patterns of various hair disorders to assist with differentiation. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study done in 256 patients with alopecia. After a detailed history, clinical examination, and relevant investigations, trichoscopy was performed using a Dermlite (3Gen LLC, Sanjuan Capistrano, CA, USA) dermoscope. Results: Out of 256 patients, 154 were male and 102 were female. Most of the cases were in the age group of 21–40 years (66.4%). Nonscarring alopecias (93.35%) were common compared to scarring alopecias (5.8%). The most common alopecia noted in our study was Androgenetic alopecia 125 patients (48.82%), followed by telogen effluvium 48 patients (19.1%), the common trichoscopic follicular features noted were short vellus hair 161 (62.8%), yellow dots (61%), hair diameter variation 125 (48.82%), and black dots (21.87%). The commo interfollicular features are seen were arborizing vessels 109 (42.6%) and pigmentation in 12 patients (4.68%). Significant findings observed in each group were hair diameter diversity in androgenetic alopecia, exclamatory mark in Alopecia Areata, comma hair in tinea capitis. Cicatricial alopecias are characterized by loss of follicular ostia along with inflammatory signs such as perifollicular scales and casts. Conclusion: Trichoscopy is a very valuable and useful tool to diagnose various hair disorders by understanding the various trichoscopic patterns specific for each disease.

Introduction: Microneedling, a tool for transdermal delivery of drugs, improves the skin permeability to various therapeutic agents. 5-fluorouracil is a chemotherapeutic agent, a pyrimidine analogue, used in various combination chemotherapy regimens. It has been noticed that following topical 5-fluorouracil cream application, patients developed localized hyperpigmentation and this has gained the attention towards use of 5-fluorouracil in repigmentation of vitiliginous patches. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of topical 5-fluorouracil following microneedling and to compare its results with microneedling alone in patients with stable vitiligo. Material and methods: Forty patients with localized stable vitiligo were randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 each. In group A, patients were treated with microneedling alone and in group B, microneedling was followed by 5-flurouracil cream application every two weeks for 2 months and patients were followed up for 4 months after the last session. Repigmentation was assessed by grades ranging from grade 0 (G0) as no response to G4 as excellent response with > 75% repigmentation and any side effects were noted. Results: Microneedling followed by 5-fluorouracil application showed better response than needling alone with minimal side effects and the results were statistically significant. Conclusions: Microneedling with 5-fluorouracil yields positive therapeutic results in localized stable vitiligo.