the final diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is a rare cause of pancytopenia.

factors that can influence the laboratory end result. [1] Several of these pre-analytical factors that modify results are known causes of rejection of blood samples; however, newer factors are being identified and their presence is treated with suspicion and worry in the laboratory. Green serum was reported as a cause of worry in the laboratory by Randell. [2] We present one such case in which we obtained black serum for hematology, biochemistry, and serology tests. We also received black urine from the patient.

INTRODUCTION: Thyroid disorders are most common endocrine disorders seen worldwide, next to pancreatic disorders. They exhibit wide range of morphological patterns with few challenges, which explains the great interest of pathologists in these lesions. AIM: To evaluate the histopathological spectrum of lesions in thyroidectomy specimens. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 3 years. All thyroidectomy specimens received in the department of pathology were studied by routine parafn processing and haematoxylin & eosin staining. Diseases were classied into various non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions based on histomorphology. RESULTS: Total 71 specimens were included in the study. Highest incidence was observed in 5th decade and showed female predominance (87.32%). Non-neoplastic lesions accounted for 53 cases (74.64%) and neoplastic lesions constituted 18 cases (25.36%). The commonest non-neoplastic lesion was multinodular goitre and commonest neoplastic lesion was papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, we faced few challenges in reporting both non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. CONCLUSION: In our study thyroid diseases showed a denite female predominance, most of them occurring in 5th decade. Non-neoplastic lesions predominated over neoplastic lesions. Among the neoplastic, malignant lesions outnumbered the benign ones, major constituent being papillary thyroid carcinoma.

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Background – The aim of this study was to identify the pattern of pathologies on FNA of supercial lymph nodes in a tertiary hospital over a period of one year. Methods – The data pertaining to our reports given to the patients who underwent FNAC evaluation of supercial lymph nodes was analysed to determine age distribution of patients, group of lymph nodes involved and distribution of pathologies diagnosed . Results – Majority of patients were adults. Cervical group of lymph nodes were most commonly involved. Granulomatous lymphadenitis was the predominant diagnosis in our series 39%. Conclusion – Fine needle aspiration evaluation is a quick, easy, relatively non traumatic and in expert hands, a reliable method of diagnosing the pathology of underlying enlarged supercial lymph nodes. Granulomatous lymphadenitis was the most common causes of lymph node enlargement in our series.