No abstract

Background: Purple color of urine is alarming and may indicate a serious underlying pathology. Purple discoloration of the urinary catheter bag is uncommon and is caused by urinary tract infection with certain organisms. Case presentation: We present a case of this rare phenomenon in a benign prostate hyperplasia patient with indwelling catheter who also has diabetes mellitus and chronic renal disease. We also discussed proposed etiology and pathophysiology of purple urine bag syndrome. Conclusion: Attempt to make the patient catheter free after stabilizing the patient is also the key point in its management. Although purple urine bag syndrome is not an aggressive pattern, it is an indicator for urosepsis.

Abdomen is called as Pandora's Box because unexpected findings may come out of expected ones. Abdominal examination is the key in arriving at a diagnosis, although a little history is important. Beginners to abdominal examination often are confused to the Inspection, Palpation, Percussion and Auscultation approach to abdomen and many times they miss extra abdominal causes of abdominal complaints. Hence a metaphoric cricketing approach is mentioned in this article combining the same inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation tools in a playful mood so that it becomes interesting to the learner to have a concept of abdominal examination in arriving at a diagnosis.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for about 85% of all renal neoplasms, 60% of which are diagnosed incidentally. Most are unilateral, but bilateral tumors, synchronous or asynchronous, have been found in 2%–4% of reported sporadic cases. The occurrence of synchronous bilateral renal neoplasms with different histology in the same individual is very rare. We report one such case in a 45-year-old male patient, who was successfully managed by performing bilateral partial nephrectomy in two sittings. The histopathological examination revealed different histology on each side. Both preservations of renal parenchyma and tumor eradication should be considered in bilateral synchronous sporadic RCC before formulating a therapeutic regime. Management by nephron-sparing surgery approach performed in a staged manner offers adequate cancer-specific survival while ensuring good renal function.