This study explored the extent to which perceived organizational support, work motivation, and organizational commitment predict individual differences in job performance workers. We expected positive relationship between POS, WM, and OC, and their substantial contribution in predicting job performance. 231 male skilled workers (28-45 yrs.) from different units of National Fertilizer Ltd. India participated in the study and completed Perceived Organizational Support Questionnaire, Employees Motivation Schedule, and Occupational Commitment Questionnaire. The job performance of the participants was rated by their immediate superiors through Performance Rating Scale. The findings supported the hypotheses of modest level positive correlation between POS, OC, and WM and their significant contribution in determining job performance. Among all the three classes of predictor variables, POS showed highest correlation with job performance followed by WM measure monetary gains, and affective commitment. Continuance commitment, need for goal achievement and competition, and non financial rewards have shown modest level association with performance. The stepwise regression identified a set of five variables which predicted best the job performance. In close agreement with social exchange views, perceived organizational support appeared to be most potent predictor of job performance. Two components of work motivation, i.e., need for monetary gains and goal achievement and competition were found contributing significantly to the prediction of job performance. It points to the importance of extrinsic sources of motivation for lowly paid industrial workers but at the same time they value intrinsic sources also. Among three components of OC, affective and continuance commitments were the better predictors of JP.
Background and purpose The diagnosis of infertility not only involves biological but the psychosocial links have also been established. Individual difference variables, such as personality and temperament have been found playing prominent role in modifying the psychological and biological aspects of infertility. This systematic review aimed to examine evidence-based research on the role of personality traits in determining vulnerability to stress in infertility, understand the gender-based differences, and deliver suggestions for future researches. Method The search for studies relating to the variables was accomplished using various electronic databases. The search was kept limited to a time span of about 20 years, that is, from January 2000 to April 2020. Additional researches were collected from library source and others were retrieved by contacting experts. Studies were selected on the basis of a predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and quality of the studies was also taken into account. Results The search of studies through above methods was fruitful in identifying 23 studies including six longitudinal and prospective studies, and 17 cross-sectional studies covering both individual- and model-based personality attributes related findings. The overall quality ratings of the studies ranged from fair to good. Conclusion The review revealed that personality factors such as neuroticism, harm avoidance, and psychoticism are the potential risk factors, whereas optimism has a protective impact in the context of fertility disorders. The long-term impact of personality on infertility needs further exploration. Trait modification interventions during the treatment of infertility were also suggested in the light of previous findings.
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