Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome affects 5-10% of women; it represents the most common cause of hyperinsulinemia with anovulation. Many biomarkers are used to assess insulin resistance. Irisin is a newly discovered myokine associated with insulin resistance and other metabolic syndromes.Objective To measure the serum level of irisin in polycystic ovary syndrome patients and assess the effect of metformin treatment on its level. Method This study was a prospective interventional study conducted in a private clinic and Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad City from January 1, 2017, till April 1, 2018. A hundred women were enrolled in the study. Fifty of them suffered from PCOS and other fifty were normal. They were randomly selected according to computer-based randomization and assigned as a control group. Hormonal, biochemical and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on all patients, including Irisin. The results have been compared for both groups. Twenty-nine women of PCOS patients received metformin for a course period of 4 months as the changes in their biochemical results were evaluated. Result Serum irisin level was higher in patients group compared to control group (312 ± 134.3 and 188.4 ± 53.8 lg/l, respectively), and the difference was Dr.

Objective. Kisspeptin 1 might reflect increased androgen level in polycystic ovarian syndrome instead of other markers. Study Design. A case control study was performed in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital from 1st of July 2016 to 1st of July 2017; it involved 87 women divided into two groups: 44 women diagnosed as PCOS, 22 women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and 22 women with BMI < 25 kg/m2, and another 43 women without PCOS, 22 women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and 21 women with BMI < 25 kg/m2. Hormonal, metabolic profiles, and hirsutism scores, as well as serum kisspeptin level, were assessed by using Human Kisspeptin 1(KISS-1) ELISA Kit. The blood samples between days 2 and 5 of menstrual cycle were drawn by an disposable sterile syringe and collected in EDTA containing tubes (as anticoagulant), and the hormonal profile was measured using a biotech ELISA reader. Result. Serum level of kisspeptin was significantly higher in PCOS compared to control (322.4 vs. 235.3 ng/L, respectively). There was no significant difference in age, BMI, and parity between control and PCOS; the frequency of hirsutism, acne, elevated LH, and increased free testosterone (fTT) were significantly higher in PCOS compared to control. Kisspeptin shows a direct significant correlation with hirsutism and fTT (r = 0.648, 0.238, respectively). In ROC analysis, kisspeptin had AUC (95% CI) = 0.874 (0.785–0.935) for predicting PCOS. Conclusion. Kisspeptin levels might be used as a marker for hyperandrogenemia in polycystic ovarian syndrome.

One hundred impotent men and 15 sexually active male volunteers served as the source for this study. Serum prolactin was estimated in all cases using radioimmunoassay technique. Cases with hyperprolactinemia were treated with bromocriptin for 3 months. Hyperprolactinemia was detected in three patients only (3%), with no findings of pituitary tumors. Treatment with bromocriptin markedly reduced the level of serum prolactin together with improvement of sexual libido and potency. The mere presence of 3 cases only with hyperprolactinemia among 100 impotent subjects suggested that hyperprolactinemia is not one of the main causes of impotence.

Background. Endometriosis a disease of theories, and one of the important causes of chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and subfertility. Surgery is the mainstay step for the diagnosis; noninvasive test is the goal in the future. Aim of Study. To test the role of serum leptin in determination of severity of endometriosis. Study Design. A cross-sectional study done in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital from 1st of January 2018 to 1st of January 2019. Methods. 60 BMI-matched patients were involved in the study. A study group of 30 patients were operated either by laparoscopy or laparotomy for many reasons diagnosed as endometriosis by histopathology, and 30 normal women as a control group underwent elective surgery. Blood sample was taken from all patients in the theater room when laparoscopy finding went with endometriosis, and classifying according to surgical staging of endometriosis, the level of serum leptin was measured by ELISA using Human LEP (Leptin) ELISA Kit. The recording of finding of laparoscopy after conforming of diagnosis by histopathology was compared with the result of serum leptin. Result. The result shows no significant difference between the two groups regarding parity and age; however, the level of serum leptin was significantly high in the endometriosis group than in the control group. The P value was less than 0.05. Also, the result shows no significant differences between serum leptin in both groups according to the symptom but there was a significant difference with surgical staging. The mean of the level of serum leptin in stage 1 was 214.8, while it was 340.3 in stage 4. Conclusion. Serum leptin can be used as a marker of severity of endometriosis.

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