Diagnostic pitfalls that may mimic ovarian torsion and observations for discriminating them are discussed.

Radiologists can use multimodality imaging to diagnose entities involving the spleen by recognizing key imaging features and considering patient characteristics. However, biopsy may be warranted for definitive diagnosis when imaging findings are nonspecific.

Potentially useful reference ranges were identified in the subgroup analyses on the basis of body region scanned at adult CT. However, considerable heterogeneity that is only partially explained by subgroup analysis signifies that further research is necessary--particularly regarding the question of blinding of the reference radiologist.

Imaging of pediatric patients with IBD must balance considerations of diagnostic accuracy against concerns about patient exposure to ionizing radiation and tolerance of the imaging technique. The imaging modality chosen depends on the clinical presentation and expected pathologic finding.

There is substantial overall inter-observer agreement in the MRI classification of cystic renal lesions. Confidence increases as rater experience increases.