Introduction: Mosquitoes have long been identified as the main vectors of many human and animal diseases like West Nile fever, malaria, dengue, etc. Mosquito coils are the most preferred mosquito repellent products used especially in low-income communities, due to cheap price. The most common active ingredients in mosquito coils pyrethroids, are known to cause nephrotoxicity and,haematoxicity. However substantial data is lacking on the effects of mosquito coils containing d-trans allethrin. Subjects and Methods: In this study we report the histological and haematological effects of smoke from such coil on albino rat (Wistar). The study was performed on Thirty albino rats divided into five groups (A, B, C, D, E) of six animals each. Control group A we left unexposed to coil smoke while rest (B-E) were exposed for 4, 6,8,10 weeks respectively. Results: We observed a statistically significant increase in the levels of serum urea and creatinine in experimental groups C, D and E. Levels of serum sodium and potassium remained unaffected in the experimental animals. Histopathological studies on kidneys revealed generalised degenerative changes proportional to quantity of coil smoke exposure. Conclusion: General human masses should be made aware about such possible hazards and adequate measures should be taken to ensure minimal exposure to coil smoke during domestic use.

Introduction: Methotrexate, a folic acid antagonist is used as a first line drug for the treatment of a number of malignancies and immune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis. Due to hepatoxicity its dose needs to be monitored and sometimes it has to be stopped. In the present study we intend to do a detailed histopathological investigation after methotrexate toxicity on the relatively neglected organ i.e. kidney of rat. Subjects and Methods: Albino rats were divided into four groups (1, 2, 3, and 4) of six animals each. Control group 1 was given distilled water whereas experimental groups 2, 3, and 4 were given low, therapeutic and high doses of methotrexate orally for 28 days. Results: The results showed congestion and infiltration of the glomeruli and interstitial edema and tubular degeneration which were dose dependent. Conclusion: The degenerative changes necessitate extra precautions to be taken while using drug for prolonged period. The study merits due to great social impact.

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