Although earlier bariatric surgical techniques are no longer favored, there are still patients who underwent these procedures who require imaging evaluation for clinical follow-up or surgical revision. Understanding the radiologic-surgical anatomy of these older bariatric procedures can help in the prompt and appropriate management of these patients.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques enable noninvasive assessment of renal function. Diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, blood oxygen level-dependent MRI, magnetic resonance elastography, and arterial spin labeling are some of the emerging techniques that have potential to investigate renal function without the use of exogenous gadolinium contrast. This article discusses the principles of these techniques, as well as their possible applications and limitations. This will introduce the readers to these novel imaging tools, which appear to have promising futures.
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