The objectives of the present study were to investigate of GroBiotic®‐A (GBA) on growth, autochthonous intestinal microbiota and haemato‐serological parameters of beluga juvenile. A total of 180 fish (40.82 ± 5.81 g) were fed diets containing graded levels of GBA (0, 5, 10 and 20 g kg−1 diet) for 8 weeks. No significantly differences in body composition, total viable aerobic bacteria, mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, albumin, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected between treatment groups. The fish fed on 10 and 20 g kg−1 GBA significantly showed higher lactic acid bacteria, final weight, body weight increases, weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio compared with the control and 5 g kg−1 groups. The group fed 20 g kg−1 GBA showed a highly significant difference in condition factor, survival rate, final length, total red and white blood cells, lymphocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, total protein, total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity. The specific growth rate of the treatment groups was significantly elevated compared with the control groups. These results indicated that GBA at level 20 g kg−1 improved growth, welfare and survival of beluga juvenile.

Abstract. Hedayati A, Darabitabar F, Ahmadvand S, Ahmadvand S. 2017. Short Communication: Acute toxicity effects of titanium nano particle TiO2 NPs on hematological indices in Goldfish (Carassius auratus, Linnaeus 1758). Nusantara Bioscience 9: 152-155. Metal nanoparticles which include particles manufactured from metal oxides such as zinc oxide ZnO and titanium oxide TiO 2 particles are broadly used due to their inimitable attributes such as diversity level chemistries and can be prepared into a variety of figures and sizes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different TiO 2 NPs concentrations on hematology indices in Goldfish (Carassius auratus). 105 goldfish with average total lengths of 6.50 ± 0.43 cm were used in this present study. Goldfish were exposed to a lethal concentration of 50% LC 50 nano-titanium dioxide for a period of 0 (control), 24, 48 and 96h static toxicity examination, presented in tanks of 60L. The results of this study shows LC50 96h nano titanium dioxide for goldfish is 19985±2.27 ppm and MAC value or the maximum allowable concentration calculated for this toxin is 1998 mg/L. No mortality observed in the control group. Fish exposed to nano-titanium dioxide for 7 days, a significant change in hematological (Hb, MCH, MCHC, MCV, RBC), and immunological (WBC) indices concentrations toward the control groups (p<0/05). The results of this study showed, however, LC 50 of nano titanium dioxide was very high that means it doesn't have much mortality effect, but it has negative effect on blood indices in goldfish and reduces red blood cells and hemoglobin in fish, eventually caused the death of fish.

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In recent years, production of fossil fuel in Caspian sea has increased. The aim of the present study was to investigate acute effects of diesel oil as potential dangerous additives and to assess mortality effects of these petroleum products on valuable species of this large lake. Juveniles of Huso huso were exposed to the crude diesel oil (0, 10, 20, 40, 100, 500 and 1000 ppm). The median lethal concentration (LC 50) was determined with probit analysis. The results showed 100% mortality after 48 h in 500 and 1000 ppm, after 72 h in 100 ppm and after 96 h in 40 ppm. LC 50-96 h was 24.80 + 0.23 ppm. Our results confirmed sensitivity of Beluga to low diesel oil doses.