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Cardamom is mainly growing for its dry capsule used as a flavoring agent for food, beverages, medicinal, and source of income for the smallholder farmers in southwestern Ethiopia. Despite its advantages, the production and productivity of the crop hindered by several factors, for instance, poor agronomic practices, poor crop breeding, and management, from nursery to the main field of production. Therefore, a nursey-based experiment was conducted to identify the appropriate growth media ratios for cardamom seed germination, seedling uniformity, and vigor at Tepi, Southwestern Ethiopia. Gene cardamom variety was evaluated in six different growth media types namely;

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A field experiment was conducted at Tepi, southwest Ethiopia, from 2013 -2017, to determine optimum plant population yield of component crops and land productivity in the coffee/korarima intercropping system. Test crops were Catimore-J21 variety for coffee and a local variety of korarima. The experiment consisted of five treatments arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data collected were statistically analyzed using SAS computer software. The productivity of the system was evaluated using a land equivalent ratio. Results showed that the coffee yield was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by intercropping, while the growth of the coffee tree did not significantly affect by intercropping. Whereas, the growth and yield of korarima plants were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by intercropping except for plant height, length, and girth of fruit capsule. Accordingly, the higher coffee yield advantages were found from sole plots when compared with intercropped coffee plots and followed by 2 to 1 coffee and korarima intercropping ratio. Similarly, the advanced yield of korarima was recorded from sole stands followed by 1 to 2 coffee and korarima intercropping ratio. The maximum land equivalent ratio was recorded at a planting pattern of 2 to 1 coffee and korarima intercropping ratio as compared to other treatments. Therefore, it could be concluded that intercropping of coffee with korarima is biologically and agronomically feasible, and the aforementioned treatment could be recommended for the study area. However, it is important to advise farmers in the area and similar agro-ecology to supplement irrigation water to the field especially during the dry spell period.