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The overall formation constants, β3, of cadmium(II) and zinc(II) complexes with alkyl xanthates (O-alkyl dithiocarbonates) were determined by polarography in the 1:1 v/v water–N,N-dimethylformamide mixture. The values of these constants increase in the order, methyl<ethyl<propyl<butyl<2-methylpropyl<1-methylethyl xanthate. This order agrees entirely with the order of the basicity of alkyl xanthates determined by using the kinetic parameter of the acid decomposition of xanthates.

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The two-photon excitation spectrum of phenanthrene crystal was measured and compared with the corresponding usual one-photon absorption spectrum. It was found that the two-photon spectrum consists of a one-photon like system and a system characteristic of a two-photon process. The vibronic couplings in phenanthrene were discussed on the basis of the observed results.