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An analytical model is developed for structural control optimization in which both noncollocated sensor/actuator placement and feedback control gain are considered as independent design variables. Two different control algorithms-active damping control and optimal output feedback control-are applied to derive the control input, and the optimal set of solutions is determined by the modified method of feasible direction. Analytical results show that noncollocated sensor/actuator location can lead to instability of the closed-loop system; however, the optimal sensor/actuator location, together with the optimal feedback control gain, can stabilize the structural control systems. In addition, the performance of both active damping control and LQ control can be maximized.

A smart layer module design utilizing a flexible printed circuit process is developed in this paper. The smart layer module, composed of two single-sided flexible polyimide films, piezoelectric sensor/actuator(s) and a pin connector, provides the advantages of convenience, efficiency, and performance when embedded in a smart structure. The problems of the piezoelectric sensor/actuator lead-wires often being easily damaged during fabrication and the short-circuiting of the sensor/actuator by carbon/graphite fibers can be solved. Tensile and modal tests show that the embedded smart layer module increases both the stiffness and strength of a composite laminated smart structure. Experiments of vibration measurement and suppression validate that the smart layer module is effective in engineering applications.

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