Background: There are several methods of platelet count used in hematology laboratory. These methods are manual counting, automated hematology analyzer counting, platelet count estimation by peripheral blood smear (PBS) method etc. Many diseases such as dengue, malaria, pregnancy induced hypertension etc. may leads to severe thrombocytopenia. Timely and precise diagnosis of platelet count plays very crucial role in critical care management of thrombocytopenia cases. The present study was undertaken to estimate platelet counts by PBS method and correlate them with results from automated hematology analyzer method.Methods: Study included one hundred randomly collected blood samples in EDTA anticoagulant vacutainer tubes. Each blood sample was processed for platelet count estimation with automated hematology analyzer and Leishman’s stained PBS examination. The statistical analysis was done by using Pearson's correlation test to access the agreement between both the methods.Results: The Pearson's correlation test showed significant positive correlation for platelet count estimation between both the methods. (r =0.9789).Conclusions: Platelet count estimation by PBS method is reliable and statistically significant when compared to hematology analyzer method. PBS platelet estimation method can be taken as early and rapid procedure for platelet assessment in critical severe thrombocytopenia cases. This method is simple, cheaper and can be done in rural hospital setup where automation is not available.

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INTRODUCTIONThe detection of an increase in protein excretion is known to have diagnostic value in the initial diagnosis and evaluation of renal diseases. The test of quantification of proteinuria over 24 hours (300 mg/day) has considerable value in assessing renal diseases. The 24 hours urinary collection is used to smooth the fluctuations in proteinuria over the day and which ultimately gives precise results. 1The present study was conducted to determine a diagnostic use of random urine sample protein: creatinine ratio (PC ratio) with cut off of 0.3 to find out urinary proteinuria in Indian patients with different renal diseases. METHODSWe studied 24 hours urine sample and morning 9 a.m. spot random urine sample collected from 200 adult nephropathy cases admitted in the tertiary care hospital. Nephropathy cases of diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, nephrotic syndrome, nephritic syndrome, chronic glomerulopathies and chronic kidney diseases due to unknown etiologies were included in the study. Protein and creatinine values analyzed for 24 hours urine sample and morning 9 a.m. spot urine sample. ABSTRACTBackground: Significant proteinuria (>300mg/day) may indicate the presence of important renal disease. Quantitative estimation of urinary protein over 24 hours is the gold standard test for detection of proteinuria. However, 24 hours urine collection method is inconvenient and cumbersome to patients. The present study was undertaken to determine diagnostic accuracy of random urine protein: creatinine ratio for the diagnosis of proteinuria among patients with renal diseases. Methods: The prospective study was done in 200 nephropathy cases. The 24 hours urinary protein test used as gold standard test and compared with their random urine sample protein: creatinine ratio (cut off >0.3). The data analyzed for sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of random urine sample protein: creatinine ratio test. Results: Random urine sample protein: creatinine ratio test showed sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 95.6%, 94.4% and 95.5% respectively Conclusions: The convenient and accurate protein: creatinine ratio method on random urine samples is reliable method for estimation and screening the proteinuria cases over quantification of proteinuria by collection of 24 hours urine samples and hence, a wider application of this method is recommended.

CSF was taken from a total of 51 patients treated and followed up with the diagnosis of meningitis, admitted in the tertiary care hospital, who were included in the study. CSF obtained in the laboratory was divided into three groups, TBM, PM and AM. CSF adenosine deaminase activity was measured by using spectrophotometer at optimum wave length of 628 mm (620 mm-650 mm) as per method described by Giusti. 4