Turnip is an ancient edible plant belongs to family Braaicacaceae. Traditionally it is used for the treatment of various disorders such as diabetes, hepatotoxicity, ulcer, and anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore the current investigation was attempted to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Brassica rapa root extract against complete fluids adjuvant induced inflammation in experimental animals. The Ethanol extract of Brassica rapa was prepared by a hot extraction procedure and phytochemical analysis of different extract was done by different chemical tests. Daily oral treatment of indomethacin, and extract for twenty-one days after three days of CFA administration significantly decrease the paw volume, hepatic biomarkers as well as ameliorated the level of a hematological parameter such as hemoglobin, RBC, WBC, ESR and bodyweight of experimental animals. From the result of the current investigation, it can be concluded that the Brassica rapa extract possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Further study is required to explore the mechanism responsible for its anti-inflammatory activity.

Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is one of the primary genetic risk factors for late-onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). While its primary function is to transport cholesterol, it also regulates metabolism, aggregation, and deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain. The disruption in the generation and removal of Aβ in the brain is the primary cause of memory and cognitive loss and thus plays a significant role in the development of AD. In several prior genetic investigations, the APOE4 allele has been linked to higher susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 mortality. However, information on the involvement of APOE4 in the underlying pathology and clinical symptoms is limited. Due to the high infection and mortality rate of COVID-19 in AD individuals, challenges have been identified in the management of AD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to provide evidence-based, more effective healthcare, it is critical to identify underlying concerns and, preferably, biomarkers. The risk variant APOE4 imparts enhanced infectivity by the underlying coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 at a cellular level, genetic level, and route level. Here we review existing advances in clinical and basic research on the AD-related gene APOE, as well as the role of APOE in AD pathogenesis, using neurobiological evidence. Moreover, the role of APOE in severe COVID-19 in Alzheimer's patients has also been reviewed.

: Coronavirus-19 causing a severe acute respiratory disorder in humans and becoming a major health problem. Its expansion takes place very rapidly throughout the world since it has been first identified in Wuhan, China (December 2019). The causative virus is known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. And the World Health Organization has named this respiratory syndrome as a new epidemic disease called COVID-19. The incidence of COVID-19 continues to increase with three million confirmed infected cases and with 244,000 death cases worldwide. Still, now there is no specific treatment or vaccine available against COVID- 19. The collective information about the different aspects of COVID-19 viral infection has gathered from renowned journals, and electronic databases including Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed from 1990 to 2020 The current manuscript has highlighted transmission and symptoms. Therefore, the current manuscript also included says how the SARS-CoV 2 can facilitate the debut of the virus into targeted host cells.

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Background A stability-indicating RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of empagliflozin drug and its tablet dosage form using a DAD detector. The mobile phase consisted of methanol/acetonitrile/0.1%OPA (75:20:5). The peak was observed at 2.54 min using 222.0 nm absorption maxima. Results Calibration curve plot was found within the range of 10–50 µg/mL. The coefficient of determination (R2) was found to be 0.9990. Forced degradation studies were performed for the empagliflozin in various conditions, and the results were calculated as %RSD values and were found to be within the limits. Conclusion The method was validated as per ICH guidelines with respect to all validation parameters.