This study presents an outline of the 12 principles of green relevance in nanomaterial synthesis. The goal of using green renewable resources is to protect the environment from negative effects, which can be achieved via several main directions, including the choice of innocuous solvents, such as supercritical (SC) fluids or water, and/or additives (i.e. stabilizers, capping, and reducing agents) such as polysaccharides, using alternative reaction circumstances, and the development of energy-efficient synthetic methods. This review shows how different green renewable resources routes are reducing the impact of chemical processes on the environment and how their benefit can be achieved in nanotechnology applications such as green energy.

A new series of solid Cr(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), and Cd(II) chelates of the 1-((E)-(2-mercaptophenylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (H 2 L) Schiff base ligand were synthеsized and chаracterized by diffеrent аnalytical and spectroscopic tеchniques. The results revealed the geometry around central metal ion to be tetrahedral for Cr 2 L 2 , Co 2 L 2 , Cu 2 L 2 , and Cd 2 L 2 complexes and square planar geometry around Pd 2 L 2 complex. 3D modeling of the ligand and its metal complexes was obtained using DFT/B3LYP method with LANL2DZ basis set. Also quantum-mechanical properties like molecular orbitals and molecular energies were calculated. The Cu nano complexes were prepared in different media Spinacia oleracea (SO), Corchorus olitorius (CO), Coriandrum sativum (CS), Eruca sativa (ES), and Anethum graveolens (AG) extract in EtOH. The particle size of the nano coordination Cu complexes depends on the high concentration of reducing agent present in the green leaf extract. The nature of the newly nano sizеd Cu complexes prepared in different media as crystalline or amorphous and particles size was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD); scanning electron microscope (SEM). The Cu nano complexes are characterized by spectroscopic and thermal analysis techniques before heating and after heating upon 200 C. The Cu nano complexes were showed an antitumor activity towards hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG-2). The antitumor data revealed that the Cu nano complex prepared in CS/EtOH (IC 50 $ 4.9 μg ml À1 ) has antitumor activity nearly to the activity of cis-platin (IC50 $ 1.143 μg ml À1 ). The DNA cleavage study showed that the ability for the screened Cu nano complex prepared in CS/EtOH to cleavage DNA. Therefore, it may be used as antitumor drugs in vivo to prevent the DNA replication in the tumor cells and to suppress the cancer for further increasing. Docking studies of the ligand and its Cu(II) complex showed good binding energy score ranging from (À4.73 to À5.98 kcal mol À1 ).

The primary objective of this study was to describe the cytotoxicity on HEPG-2 cells and to study the COVID‑19 activities of the novel H2L ligand and its Cr and Cu nano-complexes. As well as exploring the chemistry of the prepared nano-complexes. In this paper novel Schiff base, N-(4, 6-dimethyl pyrimidin-2-yl)-4-(((2-hydroxyl naphthalene-1-y l) methylene) amino) benzene—sulfonamidesulfonyl) amide has been synthesized. The novel Schiff base H2L is used to synthesize novel nano and micro-complexes with CrCl2.6H2O and CuCl2.2H2O. The prepared ligand and micro complexes were interpreted by different spectroscopic techniques. The nano-sized Cr and Cu complexes were synthesized in an environmentally friendly manner using Coriandrum sativum (CS) media extract in ethanol. The structure, morphologies and particle size of the nano-sized complexes were determined using FT-IR, TEM, and PXRD. The results showed that the nano-domain complexes are on the Sub-nano scale. Furthermore, using TGA, we studied the effect of heat on the size of newly prepared nano-complexes. Experimental data were supported by DFT calculations. The findings revealed that the metal complexes investigated are more stable than the free ligand H2L. The antitumor activity was examined before and after heating the nano-complexes at 200 °C. The results reveal the Cr nano complex, after heating, exhibited strong antitumor activity with IC50 value (3.349 μg/ml). The tested Cu nano-complex shows good DNA cleavage. The liver cancer and COVID19 proteins were examined using molecular docking to identify the potential binding energy of inhibitors.