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A cantilever-type piezoelectric generator has advantages of simple structure, ease of fabrication and large displacement by transverse vibration of a beam. It is easy to control the natural frequency, and also possible to increase the output power by changing the length, width, and thickness of the generator.In particular, the length increases, the natural frequency sharply decreases, and vice versa. Hence, the natural frequency can widely be controlled by using change in the length of elastic body. In this paper, the generator was designed and fabricated to change natural frequency using the slides of the case. In addition, the generating characteristics were confirmed through finite element analyses and vibration experiment. As a result, the maximum output characteristics could be generated due to resonance phenomenon although any frequency of external force was applied.

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Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of group counseling working alliance on the relationship between training group member's group leader self-efficacy and session evaluation of group counseling, as well as examine whether this path is moderated by group member-perceived group leader characteristics. Methods For this purpose, an on-line survey was conducted on the experiences of participating training group as a group member for counselors working across the country. Data from 285 participants were collected and analyzed by using SPSS 25.0 and Process Macro Program. First, the causal steps approach and bootstrapping were used to verify the mediating effect. Second, a hierarchical regression analysis and verification of conditional indirect effect were performed to verify moderating effect. Third, bootstrapping and Jonson-Neyman technique were applied to verify moderated mediating effect. Results The major results are as follows: First, a group counseling working alliance was found to partially mediate the relationship between group members' group leader self-efficacy and group counseling session evaluation. Second, the group leaders’ characteristics perceived by group members were found to moderate the relationship between group members' group leader self-efficacy and group counseling working alliance. Third, the moderated mediating effect was confirmed that group counseling working alliance mediated the path of group members’ group leader self-efficacy to group counseling session evaluation, and the group member-perceived group counselor characteristics moderated the relationship between group members’ group leader self-efficacy and working alliance of group counseling. Conclusions These results showed that the group member-perceived group leaders’ characteristics and the group counseling working alliance were significant in the process that the training group members’ group leader self-efficacy affected the group counseling session evaluation. Based on the study results, study Implications and limitations were discussed.