We herein report a case of premature atherosclerosis in a patient with familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL), diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. Sequencing of the candidate genes LMNA, PPARG and CAV1 associated with FPL revealed no genetic abnormalities, which indicated the activity of a novel gene in this patient. The patient's son showed milder fat loss and similar fat distribution compared to the proband; however, the son showed no signs of any atherosclerotic disease. Although a cluster of atherogenic risk factors is likely to be the primary causes of atherosclerosis in our patient, other factors, including an unknown gene associated with FPL, the severity of fat loss and gender, might affect the development of atherosclerosis.

A significant weight gain was reported in subjects treated with SU, accompanied by an increase in RQ. However, weight gain was less frequent in diabetics treated with nateglinide.

We aimed to clarify the differences between the estimated rectal dose (ERD) and the first measured dose (FMD) and second measured dose (SMD) to the rectum during high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, and to predict FMD from the prostate volume (PV) or the rectal dose-volume parameters (RDVPs). ERD, FMD, and SMD were assessed with a rectal dosimeter during HDR brachytherapy of 18 Gy given in two fractions to 110 patients (48 hormone recipients, 62 hormone-naïve patients) with prostate cancer. The correlations between FMD and PV, and between FMD and RDVP (D 2ml-D 5ml) were investigated. ERD (mean ± SD) was 219 ± 44 cGy, FMD was 255 ± 52 cGy, and SMD was 298 ± 63 cGy, which differed significantly (p < 0.001). The correlation coefficients between ERD and FMD, and between FMD and SMD, were 0.82 and 0.78, respectively. SMD was equivalent to 118 ± 16 % FMD. The measured doses were significantly greater in the hormone recipients than in the hormone-naïve patients (p < 0.001). The increase in FMD correlated with the increases in PV and in RDVPs. The correlation coefficients between PV and FMD in all of the patients, in the hormone recipients, and in the hormone-naïve patients were 0.61, 0.64, and 0.64, respectively, whereas that between RDVPs and FMD was <0.53. In conclusion, the dose to the rectum increased with time and was correlated with the increases in PV and RDVPs. The correlation coefficient between FMD and PV was greater than that between FMD and RDVPs.