A simple procedure is described to obtain D- and L-allothreonine (D- and L-aThr). A mixture of N-acetyl-D-allothreonine (Ac-D-aThr) and N-acetyl-L-threonine (Ac-L-Thr) was converted to a mixture of their ammonium salts and then treated with ethanol to precipitate ammonium N-acetyl-L-threoninate (Ac-L-Thr·NH(3)) as the less-soluble diastereoisomeric salt. After separating Ac-L-Thr·NH(3) by filtration, Ac-D-aThr obtained from the filtrate was hydrolyzed in hydrochloric acid to give D-aThr of 80% de, recrystallized from water to give D-aThr of >99% de. L-aThr was obtained from a mixture of the ammonium salts of Ac-L-aThr and Ac-D-Thr in a similar manner.