Aim: The purpose of the present descriptive study was to evaluate and depict the form of the coronal pulp chamber floor in the permanent maxillary first (pMFM) and second (pMSM) molars in an Indian population. Subjects and Methods: Five hundred freshly extracted pMFM (n = 250) and pMSM (n = 250) were acquired from a pool of freshly extracted teeth unrelated to the current study. The crowns were flattened occlusally till the pulpal anatomy was seen and were photographed using a stereomicroscope at ×4.5 magnification. The number of orifices, shapes of the orifices, incidence of mesiobuccal 2 (MB-2), incidence of discobuccal 2 (DB-2), incidence of palatal 2 (P-2), shape of the access cavity, incidence and shape of isthmus, location of extra orifice, and the shape of the pulp chamber floor according to the Pawar and Singh classification© (K, Y, I, and others) were observed. Statistical Analysis: The level of significance for descriptive and frequency statistics was determined at 5%, with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Three root canal orifices occurred predominantly in 50.4% pMFM and 69.2% pMSM. The root canal orifices in the MB and distobuccal roots were round, whereas palatal orifices were oval. The access cavities were triangular in 51.6% pMFM, 51.2% pMSM, rhomboid shaped in 34.8% pMFM, 20.4% pMSM, and others in 13.6% pMFM and 28.4% pMSM. The extra orifices in pMFM were in MB in 20.8%, distobuccal in 14%, and palatal in 8% roots. For the pMSM, extra orifices were in MB (7.2%), distobuccal (6.4%), and palatal (2.4%) roots. The K, Y, I, and other classification were seen in 18.4%, 55.2%, 12.8%, and 13.6%, respectively, for pMFM and in 3.6%, 61.6%, 23.6%, and 11.6%, respectively, for pMSM. Conclusion: Our study investigated and described the various anatomical patterns of the coronal pulp chamber floor in maxillary molars. The classification applied to the patterns of the pulp chamber floor architecture can help clinicians determine the total number of canals as well as their unique orifice position and better communication.