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Intestinal parasitic infections are a major cause of morbidity in developing countries including Nepal. Most common intestinal parasites reported in Nepal are Ascaris lumbricoides, Hymenolepis nana, Hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of various intestinal parasitic infections among school children in Kirtipur Municipality, Kathmandu. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out with prepared questionnaire and stool examination between October to November, 2021. Altogether, 409 stool samples were randomly collected from different schools and examined by direct smear method. Out of 409 stool samples, 73 (17.8%) were positive and 336 (82.1%) were negative. Among positive cases, helminthic infection was seen in 45 (11.0%) and protozoan infection was found in 28 (6.8%). Altogether eight species of intestinal parasites were detected, the most common was A. lumbricoides (34.2%), followed by protozoa G. lamblia (23.3%), E. histolytica (15.1%), T. trichiura (10.96%), Hookworm (6.8%), Enterobius vermicularis (4.11%), Taenia solium (4.11%) and H. nana (1.37%) respectively. Study showed that, there was 63 (86.30%) single infections, 9 (12.33%) double infections and 1 (1.37%) multiple infection. The present study reveals that intestinal parasites are abundant among students of Kirtipur Municipality, Kathmandu. The situation strongly calls for the use of control measures including treatment of infected individuals, improvement of health status of infected students by health education, public health awareness and also develop the health care facilities and aware the people for the utilization of health services.

Introduction: Chandranighantu is a handwritten manuscript of Ayurveda about 250 years ago in Nepal by a well-known Vaidhya at that time of King Chandra Shamsher. It was believed that the dynasty brought to publish the manuscript with his name as Chandranighantu. It was completed in total of ten volume containing more than 900 medicinal plants and 200 minerals and metals which were available in Nepal only. Till date 5 volumes have been translated into Nepali and English language keeping the original along with; and published by Government of Nepal, but many stakeholders of Ayurveda especially Dravyaguna scholars are still unware of it worldwide. Hence, it was attempted to highlight its importance among Ayurveda scholars, researchers and practitioners. The aim of this documentation is to explore glimpses of Chandranighantu of Nepal and propagate its uniqueness regarding explanation of medicinal plants in the editions as well as handmade manuscripts with colour sketches. Methods: Singhadurbar Vaidykhana Vikas Samiti (SDVKVS), Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal published the Chandranighantu (Volume I) in 2012 A.D., as a primary resource material. It was reviewed and glimpses or peculiarities have been compiled, critically analysed and presented in this work. Results: Chandranighantu has been written after Bhava Prakash Nighantu because most of the references have been taken from Raj nighantu, Kaidev nighantu, Madanpal nighantu and Bhava Prakash Nighantu It has been written in 10 volumes comprising 8 volumes with descriptions of medicinal plants and 2 volumes with descriptions of minerals and animal products. In this work, the first volume of the Chandranighantu has been reviewed that includes total 99 medicinal plants describing synonyms and their properties and actions. The prime peculiarities of this nighantu is addition of local and nepali name and the style of narration of medicinal plants along with very fine handmade colourful sketches of the plants including habitat, root, stem, leaves, fruits, flowers in ints natural colour, clearly differentiating its parts as well as types, which is helpful in proper identification of the plants. This style of description of colourful plants is not found in any other nighantu. This nighantu has found to be taken the basis of pre-existing nighantus such as Dhanwantarinighantu, Rajnighantu, Madanpalnighantu, Kaidev nighantu, Bhavaprakash nighantu and others including lexicons like Amarkosha. Synonyms of plants have been given in different languages like Nepali, Newari, Avadhi, Bhojpuri, Marathi, Bengali, Hindi etc. along with Sanskrit. Conclusion: This nighantu is the evidence of modern era history of medicinal plants use in the Ayurveda. This nighantu is written with the unique style of narration of medicinal plants by synonyms, properties and actions along with colourful sketches. The present critical review recommends scholars, academician, researchers and medicinal plants related experts of recent sciences to explore the hidden knowledge of botany, pharmacognosy, pharmacology and therapeutic uses into gaining deeper perspicuity benefitting the ailing humanity

Introduction: Panchakarma is considered as one of the specialities of Kayachikitsa which includes five major therapeutic procedures of detoxification and body purification, along with many other supportive procedures. In fact, Panchakarma can be used efficiently in all the branches of Astang-Ayurved and it can also be beneficial in Kaumarbhritya for a comprehensive cure for many child disorders. This review was carried out to study the concept of Panchakarma in children and explore the variations and significance of Panchakarma in Bala-Roga. Materials & Methods: References regarding Panchakarma in Children were collected from various classical Ayurveda textbooks, published research papers from Internet sources, previous work done and compilation was done. Concept of Panchakarma in Children was studied in detail. Results: Most of the previous studies have emphasized on the importance of Panchakarma in children; however there were limited clinical studies have been carried out on procedural effectiveness of Panchkarma in children. Panchakarma measures executed with precautions is equqlly effective in a child as it results in adult. Conclusion: The knowledge and experience of Panchakarma in pediatric conditions is the key to successful administration of Panchakarma in children. Increasing and mainstreaming Panchakarma procedures among children in Ayurveda hospitals will definitely provide a new hope in management of child disorders.

Diabetes mellitus is a major health issue in today's world. Main threat is not the disease itself but its complications like nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy etc. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the earliest complications which has the highest prevalence of about 40-50% and is becoming the leading cause of hospital stay among diabetic mallitus and also the leading cause of foot ulcers, their complications like limb amputation and cost associated with it. Madhumeha which has been described as 'Maharogas' i.e. difficult to treat disease has many similarities with Diabetes mellitus can be understood and studied as same disease. Ayurveda has mentioned the causes, pathophysiology and symptoms of DPN as 'karapada daha -suptata' in purvarupa lakshanas and upadrava lakshanas but in  scattered form. Applying the ayurveda principals in diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus and its complications like DPN can considerably reduce the chance of foot ulcers, and its consequences. But it needs depth study to understand the concept of DPN so as to form an effective management protocal.