Road traffic accident was found to be the main cause of TSCI in Kuwait, whereas acute and degenerative disc lesions were the leading causes in NTSCI. Prevention strategies should be directed toward these causes to reduce the incidence of SCI in Kuwait.

Aim: To compare limits of stability (LOS) between stroke patients and control group and to evaluate the effects of balance training program on hemiplegic stroke patients.Setting: Balance clinic, physical medicine and rehabilitation hospital, Kuwait. Materials and Methods:A total of 36 ambulatory hemiplegic stroke patients and 34 age-matched healthy individuals as control group were recruited in this study. All patients and healthy individuals were evaluated by the LOS test.Results: There were a significant increased RT (sec), a significant decreased MVL (deg/sec), a significant decreased EPE (%), a significant decreased MXE (%) and a significant decreased directional control(DCL) (%) in stroke patients compared to control group (p < 0.01). Moreover, a significant decreased RT, a significant increased MVL (deg/sec), a significant increased EPE (%) and a significant increased MXE(%) after training compared to results before training in stroke patients (p < 0.01). However, no significant difference of DCL (%) after training compared to results before training in stroke patients (p >0.05). Conclusion:There were significantly worse in parameters of LOS test in stroke patients. Moreover, significant enhancement of some parameters of LOS test after training in stroke patients was found.

BACKGROUND:To our knowledge, the importance of US findings, pain (brief pain inventory (BPI)) and disability in osteoarthritic knee (OA) pain patients remain uncertain.AIM:The objectives are to evaluate the correlation of US findings, pain (brief pain inventory (BPI)) and disability in OA pain patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Eighty - three patients with OA knee were divided into two groups. The first group was OA as symptomatic knee group and the second group was an asymptomatic control group. The maximum sagittal height of synovial fluid in 12 scans at 0, 30, 60 and 90 degrees flexion knee in 3 major recesses were measured.RESULTS:There were a significant positive correlation between BPI Pain severity index, or BPI function interference index and a maximum height of effusion at 30-degree flexion angle in a supra-patellar recess in painful symptomatic knees. But, there was a significant negative correlation between BPI Pain severity index, and BPI function interference index and cartilage thickness in painful symptomatic knees.CONCLUSION:The increase of maximum height of synovial effusion at different angles of knee and decrease of cartilage thickness associated with pain and disability in OA pain patients and are being predictors for pain severity and disability in OA pain patients.

BACKGROUND: Heterotopic ossification (HO) usually occurs in trauma, such as fractures. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of studies about the effects of shockwave on the size of HO in the literature. AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on the size of HO as well as the lower extremity functions in patients with fracture right acetabulum. CASE REPORT: A 36-year-old gentleman had a traffic accident on August 30, 2015, resulted in a fracture of the right acetabulum treated by open reduction and internal fixation on September 2, 2015. The patient has complained of severe right hip pain with limitation of daily activities, especially walking, standing, and sitting, visual analog scale about 7-8/10 with painful and restricted ROM of the right hip. Plain X-ray of the right hip revealed HO at greater trochanter with a long axis length 37.3 mm. ESWT was applied for HO. ESWT was administered 6 times each weekly for 6 weeks. At 6-month follow-up, the size of HO had become slightly smaller with the improvement of pain, and lower extremities functions. DISCUSSION: Soft tissues around HO have been regenerated from ischemia for several reasons such as ESWT stimulating angiogenesis and neurogenesis and the size of HO had become slightly smaller by radial shockwave therapy. CONCLUSION: ESWT is a novel non-invasive and safe treatment for HO. The effects of ESWT on the size of HO had become slightly smaller with the improvement of lower extremities functions.