Background: Pseudocyst of pinna is an intracartilagenous accumulation of fluid in pinna and is hardly encountered in routine ENT practice. The etiology is unclear. It is seen to affect most commonly middle-aged males. Medical treatment is ineffective. Various treatments are suggested in the literature. The aims of the paper were to study the clinical and demographic characteristic of patients with pseudocysts.Methods: Forty patients were diagnosed with pseudocyst of the auricle between July 2016 and July 2019 on the basis of clinical characteristics, colour of aspirated fluid and absence of infection. Clinical and demographic characteristics were noted.Results: Out of 40 patients only five were females. Involvement of left side was seen more than right one. None had bilateral involvement. Adults in the age group of 31-45 were commonly affected. Most common site of involvement was triangular fossa.Conclusions: Pseudocyst of the pinna is a benign condition characterized by intracartilagenous accumulation of fluid. The disease is seen commonly unilaterally in middle aged males. Many modalities of treatment have been recommended in the literature with varied recurrence and failure rates.

Pellet gun injuries is quite commonly faced emergency nowadays in Kashmir because of recent turmoil in valley and has invited a different challenges in modern day to day practice of surgeons mostly otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists . For this reason a study was conducted in an only tertiary care of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Referral Center, ENT, SMHS, Srinagar between July 2016 to September 2016. The pattern, severity and outcome of injuries in head and neck and maxilla-facial region among pellets gun victims in Kashmir region was studied and their management was categorized based on demand and need.

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-operative hypocalcaemia is one of the most common complications of thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Temporary hypocalcaemia has been reported to occur in 1.6-50% of the patients undergoing bilateral thyroid resection. Permanent hypoparathyroidism results in 0-13% of patients after bilateral thyroid surgery.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We have analyzed the data of 34 patients undergoing total thyroid surgery (with or without neck dissection) and completion thyroidectomy at the department of ENT and HNS, SMHS hospital over a period of 1.5 years between May 2019 to November 2020.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Hypocalcemia was found in a total of 15 patients out of 34 patients in the post-op period. Among the total patients who developed hypocalcemia 5 (14.7%) were males and 10 (29.4%) were females. Among the patients who developed post-op hypocalcemia 14 patients developed transient hypocalcemia (p&gt;0.01) which is not statistically significant and 1 patient developed permanent hypocalcemia (p&gt;0.01) which also has no statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study suggests that female gender is a strong risk factor for developing post-operative hypocalcemia, other factors that play a role include difference in serum calcium levels in the perioperative period and type of surgery.</p>

Background: A sizable number of patients attend to Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Out- patient department(OPD) across the country for various symptoms. Being treated as a minor subject in undergraduate (UG) course, the minds of the students are not fully open about the subject and the variety it offers . This often leads to Otorhinolaryngology being chosen as one of the last options during post graduation counselling in surgical subspecialties. 1 The popularity of Otorhinolaryngology is quite different in western countries and is much sought after. The present study was planned to gain an insight into the mindset of Undergraduate students in India on the study course design. 142 medical students in Materials And Methods: a medical college and tertiary care hospital in western India, were assessed at the end of third year ,in form of questionnaire for methods ,form of learning and exam pattern. 82% students like Otorhinolaryngology as a subject but only 42% Observations: are satised with the current curriculum. Students prefer bedside clinics over lectures and tutorial. Videos and models help them to understand the anatomy better. They wish their evaluation to be based more on practical examinations than theory exam. Only two percent considered taking up ENT as a career. Conclusion: We need to conduct more studies similar to the present one in order to understand the study pattern of all UG subjects and choice of UG students for undertaking post-graduation in specic specialties. Some changes have been suggested in the present study curriculum which may help to generate deeper interest in the subject of Otorhinolaryngology.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the common causes for hearing impairment and disability. Despite continuous technical improvement, the basic optical principles and their limitations have remained the same over the past three decades. This study aimed at visualizing and evaluating the middle ear structures with the aid of 0 and 30-degree otoendoscopes preoperatively in cases of chronic suppurative otitis media.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this prospective study, 70 patients (40 females and 30 males) above the age of 10 years with CSOM were subjected to otoendoscopy using 0- and 30-degree endoscopes. The various middle ear structures and hidden spaces like facial recess, sinus tympani, hypotympanum were visualized preoperatively.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Middle ear structures and blind niches were better evaluated preoperatively using 0 and 30-degree otoendoscopes and a definitive operative plan was formulated.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Otoendoscopy provided a significant better visualization of all the middle ear structures and various hidden spaces.</p>