Financial inclusion links the people with the financial system of the country; so that they can use financial services and products to fulfill their basic needs. This research study mainly deals with determinants of financial inclusion in Pakistan. Time series annual data was taken from 2008-2018. Johnson co-integration analysis was employed. Econometric results indicated that access and availability are the strong determinants of financial inclusion in Pakistan.

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Modern-day revolution is brought on by cryptocurrencies. Both the terms cryptocurrency & currency describe means of exchanging goods & services. In system that uses cryptocurrencies, every transaction is preprogrammed. Underlying blockchain technology governs transactions by using consensus mechanisms, hash algorithms, and public and private key encryption, doing away with the need for user to have faith in the counterparty. In this study, impact of macro-factors on bitcoin in Pakistan was examined. The relevance of this study is that the majority of people are ignorant of bitcoin to spread awareness of bitcoin and how to use them among the general audience. The macroeconomic indicators (GDP, INF, Exchange, & Gold) were monitored on a quarterly basis between JAN 2016 and DEC 2021. The E-view program and numerous tests on secondary data were also used in this inquiry. In Pakistan, there is no long-term link. Bitcoin's short-term relationships with Pakistan's GDP, INF, ER, and gold. In short term, there is a link between bitcoin and the exchange rate.

Present study aims to examine the determining role of two personality attributes namely proactive personality and emotional intelligence towards shaping entrepreneurial self-efficacy among university students. A quantitative approach by floating questionnaire to the business students of final year enrolled in various public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan, is adopted by the researcher. Total 352 students selected through simple random sampling technique were surveyed. Gathered data was analyzed through applying various descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Empirical results obtained from the data analyses contended that both the personality attributes i.e., proactive personality and emotional intelligence play a significant role in shaping entrepreneurial self-efficacy among university students in the present study context. Based on the findings it is contended that entrepreneurial self-efficacy can be strengthen with strengthening the proactive personality and emotional intelligence attributes of students.